“…The debris flows investigations at DDFORS were covering various aspects: mechanism of debris flow formation (Cui et al 2005;Chen et al 2017;Kang & Hu 1990), debris flow movement (Chen et al 2007;Guo et al 2020;Shu et al 2007), debris flow deposition (Wang et al 2007), analysis of various parameters of the debris flows, such as velocity (Li et al 2012) and relation between the dimensions of the granular material and the characteristics of the released debris flows , effects of topography, landslides and erosion, precipitation on debris flows formation (Chen et al 2005;Guo et al 2013;Tian 1987;Tian et al 2020), debris flow forecasting (Hu et al 2011;Liu et al 2012), debris flow mitigation engineering (Lin et al 2007), disaster evaluation and management of debris flow (Liu et al 2009;Liu et al 2002), direct observations of formation of debris flow (Cui et al 2007;Huang et al 2015;Fu et al 2006;Li et al 1983;Tian et al 2007), direct observation of debris flow dynamics (Kang & Hu 1990), statics and rheology of debris flows Li et al 1983), hazard and risk assessment of debris flows (Cui et al 2013;Wei et al 2010;Zhu & Tang 1996).…”