Planar-type polarization beam splitter based on a bridged silicon waveguide coupler

Kim, Dong Wook; Lee, Moon Hyeok; Kim, Yudeuk; Kim, Kyong Hon

doi:10.1364/oe.23.000998

Cited by 111 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…However, the input TE power is directly coupled to the Si waveguide (enclosed in ) adjoined to the front Si waveguide without an additional coupling length that would otherwise be used in conventional DC-based PBSs 2, 20–30 , which makes the proposed PBS device extremely short. The output TE port is designed to 175 nm high so as to cut off the TM power and 600 nm wide () so that the TE power can be as high as possible.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the minimum dimensions of the devices 23, 24, 26 are larger than 300 nm, thus the devices can be fabricated by a more efficient photolithography technology but the resolution of using photolithography is limited by the used wavelength (157 nm for deep UV light). Certainly, for some DC-based devices 20, 22, 25, 27–30 , they used single Si waveguide structures evading the overlay control problem, simplifying the fabrication processes and reducing the overlay deviation. In order to analyze the performance of our PBS device, we first need to determine the mode properties at the input port.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most crucial factor in developing next-generation ultradense PICs in optical communication systems and nanophotonic devices may be the minimization of the PBS areas while retaining satisfactory device performance. Numerous types of PBS devices have been reported 5–30 , including mode evolution (ME) 5, 6 , multimode interference (MMI) 7–10 , Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) 11–13 , photonic crystal (PhC) 14–16 , grating 17–19 , and directional coupler (DC)-based devices 2, 20–30 . In order to reduce the size of the device sizes, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platforms that have a high-index-contrast property have been adopted in many studies 6, 9, 10, 13, 17–30 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grating-based PBSs are in the order of tens of micrometres; thus, they are difficult to be integrated into planar PICs. The most compact PBSs are the DC-based ones 2, 20–30 , which have device lengths of several micrometers and have satisfactory PERs (10–20 dB). In addition, the simple structure and variety of designs of DC-based PBSs make them the most popular type of PBS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Submicron-scale broadband polarization beam splitter using CMOS-compatible materials

Lai

Huang

2017

Sci Rep

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We propose a polarization beam splitter (PBS) with a footprint of only 600 × 790 nm 2 operating at a wavelength of λ = 1550 nm, which is the smallest PBS ever demonstrated. This device uses CMOScompatible materials, namely, silicon and silica. The present PBS comprises two Si waveguides with different geometrical aspect ratios adjoined side-by-side, which separates the transverse-electric (TE) and transverse-magnetic (TM) modes without relying on an additional coupling region. The designed PBS achieves a polarization extinction ratio of approximately 25 dB for both modes and insertion losses of approximately 0.87 and 1.09 dB for the TE and TM polarizations, respectively. Over a wide bandwidth of 150 nm (from λ = 1475-1625 nm), a high polarization extinction ratio (greater than 20 dB) and a low inversion loss (lower than 1.3 dB) can be obtained. The proposed PBS allows for geometrical errors of ±15 nm while maintaining a polarization extinction ratio of >20 dB and inversion losses of >1.1 and 1.3 dB for the TE and TM modes, respectively. With the submicron footprint, the reported PBS may be able to be used in high-density photonic integrated circuits and nanophotonic devices.For improving the operating speed of electronics in integrated circuits due to the RC delay, photonics offers an effective solution to build photonic integrated circuits (PICs) in optical communications. Among photonic components, polarization division multiplexing (PDM) is an efficient solution for manipulating optical signals in PICs, and this allows it to satisfy the ever-increasing demands of signal transmission bandwidths in optical communication systems [1][2][3][4] . Among the PDM devices, polarization beam splitters (PBSs), which separate transverse-electric (TE) and transverse-magnetic (TM) polarizations, are the most important devices. They allow the two polarizations to be processed independently, thereby enabling the traffic bandwidth to be doubled. When assessing PBSs, one needs to look at criteria such as device compactness, polarization extinction ratio (PER), insertion loss (IL), operating bandwidth, structure complexity, and fabrication tolerance. The most crucial factor in developing next-generation ultradense PICs in optical communication systems and nanophotonic devices may be the minimization of the PBS areas while retaining satisfactory device performance. Numerous types of PBS devices have been reported , including mode evolution (ME) 5,6 , multimode interference (MMI) 7-10 , MachZehnder interferometer (MZI) [11][12][13] , photonic crystal (PhC) [14][15][16] , grating [17][18][19] , and directional coupler (DC)-based devices 2,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] . In order to reduce the size of the device sizes, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platforms that have a high-index-contrast property have been adopted in many studies 6,9,10,13,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] . In terms of fabrication, forming photonic devices on SOI platforms is compatible with mature complementary metal-oxide sem...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Submicron-scale broadband polarization beam splitter using CMOS-compatible materials

Lai

Huang

2017

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…On the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform, directional coupler [15][16][17] and multimode interferometer (MMI) [18,19] based PBSs with low loss, high extinction ratio (ER) and wide bandwidth have been demonstrated. However, these kinds of devices become considerably long on the SiN platform due to the reduction in ∆neff between the fundamental TE and TM polarizations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Loss and Broadband <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2 \times 2$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> Polarization Beam Splitter Based on Silicon Nitride Platform

Gao

Wang

et al. 2016

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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A low loss and broadband 2×2 Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based polarization beam splitter (PBS) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated on the silicon nitride (SiN) platform. The device is realized by using a 27.7-µm-long phase control section which consists of two arms with different widths to separate TE and TM polarized lights by providing different phase changes. Furthermore, a compact asymmetric 3 dB directional coupler with a parallel-coupling length of only 1.2 µm is proposed to support polarization independent operation and reduce the device length. The measurement results show that the proposed PBS has a minimum insertion loss of 0.13 dB for the TE polarization and 0.34 dB for the TM polarization. The extinction ratio is over 20 dB throughout the measured band from 1530 nm to 1610 nm for the TE polarization, and it is higher than 20 dB over the entire C band for the TM polarization.

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Nanophotonic Polarization Routers Based on an Intelligent Algorithm

Liu

et al. 2020

Advanced Optical Materials

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computing. This requires on-chip integrated photonic devices to have the performances of small volume, low power consumption, and easy integration with other nanophotonic devices. [3,4] As an essential component of on-chip integrated photonic devices, polarization router can separate and steer light with different polarizations of transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes into different output ports, so as to realize polarization division multiplex of channels. In the past few years, polarization routers are generally realized based on gratings, [5][6][7][8] optical waveguides, [9][10][11][12] photonic crystals, [13][14][15][16] plasmonic structures, [17][18][19][20] metamaterials [21][22][23] or some other structures. [24][25][26][27] Polarization routers based on gratings or waveguides usually possess simple configurations and high extinction ratio, but the large size restricts the practical applications for onchip dense integration. [5,[7][8][9][10] The routers based on photonic crystals possess high transmittance, but the bandwidth is narrow and the crosstalk is relatively large. [13,16] The plasmonic polarization routers are broadband and have smaller size, but usually possess large loss. [17,18] Polarization routers based on metamaterials have high efficiency, but the fabrication process is complicated and the size is relatively large. [21,23] Large size and low-efficiency excitation of traditional design cause the polarization routers to be difficult to meet the requirements of high-density on-chip integration. Therefore, it is a great challenge Nanophotonic polarization routers, which can separate and steer light with different polarizations of transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes into different output ports, are an essential component of on-chip integrated photonic circuits. By developing an intelligent algorithm that combines the genetic algorithm and the finite element method, various polarization routers possessing different operation bands, different structures, and different materials, which can be easily fabricated and integrated, are successfully designed. On-chip ultrasmall silicon-based polarization routers are experimentally demonstrated in the near-infrared range. The footprint is only 970 nm × 1240 nm, which is the smallest demonstrated. The measured normalized transmission is up to 85% in the near infrared range. Additionally, a broadband highly efficient photon coupler is also achieved based on disordered-grating configurations designed by the intelligent algorithm. This breaks the restrictions of traditional structures, provides a universal platform for the realization of nanophotonic polarization routers, and paves a way for the design and high-density on-chip integration of nanophotonic devices.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201902018.With the development of big data age, the requirements for large information capacity is becoming higher and higher. On-chip integrated phot...

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Planar-type polarization beam splitter based on a bridged silicon waveguide coupler

Cited by 111 publications

References 14 publications

Submicron-scale broadband polarization beam splitter using CMOS-compatible materials

Submicron-scale broadband polarization beam splitter using CMOS-compatible materials

Low-Loss and Broadband <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2 \times 2$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> Polarization Beam Splitter Based on Silicon Nitride Platform

Nanophotonic Polarization Routers Based on an Intelligent Algorithm

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