Planar polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: powering portable devices from hydrogen

Sapkota, Prabal; Boyer, Cyrille; Dutta, Rukmi; Cazorla, Claudio; Aguey‐Zinsou, Kondo‐François

doi:10.1039/c9se00861f

Cited by 45 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 287 publications

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“…These results show that electrocatalysts with higher activity and stability can be obtained through precise control of the atomic-level catalyst structure, as presented in Figure 25. Recent progress on the design and fabrication of PEMFC, with a special focus on their air-breathing planar configuration, as this extends the possibility of PEMFC to thin and flexible designs, has been reviewed [322]. Fe-N-C presented a strong performance [323], however, when tested as a catalyst-based membrane-electrolyte assembly, a degradation mechanism was presented and the cell, which performed with an initial peak power density as high as 1.1 Wcm −2 , suffered a current loss of 52% at 0.4 V over 20 h. The experimental and DFT calculation results indicate that Fe at active sites of catalysts was attacked by hydroxyl free radicals to from H 2 O 2 , which further leached out, causing an increase in activity loss.…”

Section: Pemfc Performance Using Pt-based Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges

Tellez-Cruz¹,

et al. 2021

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The study of the electrochemical catalyst conversion of renewable electricity and carbon oxides into chemical fuels attracts a great deal of attention by different researchers. The main role of this process is in mitigating the worldwide energy crisis through a closed technological carbon cycle, where chemical fuels, such as hydrogen, are stored and reconverted to electricity via electrochemical reaction processes in fuel cells. The scientific community focuses its efforts on the development of high-performance polymeric membranes together with nanomaterials with high catalytic activity and stability in order to reduce the platinum group metal applied as a cathode to build stacks of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) to work at low and moderate temperatures. The design of new conductive membranes and nanoparticles (NPs) whose morphology directly affects their catalytic properties is of utmost importance. Nanoparticle morphologies, like cubes, octahedrons, icosahedrons, bipyramids, plates, and polyhedrons, among others, are widely studied for catalysis applications. The recent progress around the high catalytic activity has focused on the stabilizing agents and their potential impact on nanomaterial synthesis to induce changes in the morphology of NPs.

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Section: Pemfc Performance Using Pt-based Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges

Tellez-Cruz¹,

et al. 2021

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“…At low degrees of hydration, the diffusion of water molecules is retarded, and connectivity between water molecules becomes poor, resulting in a low interaction of protons with the immobile sulfonic acid group [ 19 , 37 ]. Surface diffusion, in turn, dominates when there is insufficient water, as protons can only be transported by forming hydrogen bonds with sulfonic acid groups [ 11 ]. All in all, the proton conductivity depends on all three transport mechanisms, which are affected by the operating temperature, water content, and the inherent properties of the membrane.…”

Section: Proton Transport Mechanism In Nafionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to the scarcity and high cost of Pt, much effort has been expended on producing low-cost and efficient dual-role electrocatalysts for MOR and ORR [ 10 ]. On the other hand, GDL, which is placed in intimate contact with the catalyst layer, works to conduct electrons from the catalyst layer to the current collector, as well as a supportive or protective layer for the catalyst by offering suitable mechanical strength [ 11 ]. Typically, GDL is made to establish necessary hydrophobic characteristics for carbon dioxide to escape from the anode and to retain water within PEM, preventing it from drying up [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A State-of-Art on the Development of Nafion-Based Membrane for Performance Improvement in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Thiam

Pang

et al. 2022

Membranes

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Nafion, a perfluorosulfonic acid proton exchange membrane (PEM), has been widely used in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) to serve as a proton carrier, methanol barrier, and separator for the anode and cathode. A significant drawback of Nafion in DMFC applications is the high anode-to-cathode methanol fuel permeability that results in over 40% fuel waste. Therefore, the development of a new membrane with lower permeability while retaining the high proton conductivity and other inherent properties of Nafion is greatly desired. In light of these considerations, this paper discusses the research findings on developing Nafion-based membranes for DMFC. Several aspects of the DMFC membrane are also presented, including functional requirements, transport mechanisms, and preparation strategies. More importantly, the effect of the various modification approaches on the performance of the Nafion membrane is highlighted. These include the incorporation of inorganic fillers, carbon nanomaterials, ionic liquids, polymers, or other techniques. The feasibility of these membranes for DMFC applications is discussed critically in terms of transport phenomena-related characteristics such as proton conductivity and methanol permeability. Moreover, the current challenges and future prospects of Nafion-based membranes for DMFC are presented. This paper will serve as a resource for the DMFC research community, with the goal of improving the cost-effectiveness and performance of DMFC membranes.

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“…2 Among all the monometallic catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode of the PEFC, platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) have been the most widely studied for decades. However, it is highly required to substantially improve the ORR activity to reduce expensive Pt usage [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] because the slow ORR kinetics result in an overpotential due to the relatively strong binding of oxygen species. 17 There are two approaches for improving the ORR activity; alloying and support effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum nanocluster catalysts supported on Marimo carbon via scalable dry deposition synthesis

Hirata¹,

Katsura

Gunji

et al. 2021

RSC Adv.

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Planar polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: powering portable devices from hydrogen

Abstract: An air breathing planar PEMFC has thin geometry, open cathode and minimum peripheral devices.

Cited by 45 publications

References 287 publications

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges

A State-of-Art on the Development of Nafion-Based Membrane for Performance Improvement in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Platinum nanocluster catalysts supported on Marimo carbon via scalable dry deposition synthesis

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