Planar Mechanical Metamaterials with Embedded Permanent Magnets

Slesarenko, Viacheslav

doi:10.3390/ma13061313

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Magnets with a diameter ∼3.1 mm and weight ∼0.18 g are embedded at the center of plates such that they are constrained by frictional contact with surrounding polymer. By embedding permanent magnets in mechanical metamaterials, a rich set of mechanical properties, including buckling strain ( 32 , 33 ), postbuckling stiffness ( 32 – 34 ), and multistability ( 35 ), have been finely tuned. Here, we reveal how magnetic domains, with nonlinear, orientationally dependent force interactions within elastic structures control reversible phase transitions and allow high–strain-rate properties to be programmed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-transforming metamaterial with magnetic interactions

Liang

Fu²,

Crosby³

2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Solid–solid phase transformations can affect energy transduction and change material properties (e.g., superelasticity in shape memory alloys and soft elasticity in liquid crystal elastomers). Traditionally, phase-transforming materials are based on atomic- or molecular-level thermodynamic and kinetic mechanisms. Here, we develop elasto-magnetic metamaterials that display phase transformation behaviors due to nonlinear interactions between internal elastic structures and embedded, macroscale magnetic domains. These phase transitions, similar to those in shape memory alloys and liquid crystal elastomers, have beneficial changes in strain state and mechanical properties that can drive actuations and manage overall energy transduction. The constitutive response of the elasto-magnetic metamaterial changes as the phase transitions occur, resulting in a nonmonotonic stress–strain relation that can be harnessed to enhance or mitigate energy storage and release under high–strain-rate events, such as impulsive recoil and impact. Using a Landau free energy–based predictive model, we develop a quantitative phase map that relates the geometry and magnetic interactions to the phase transformation. Our work demonstrates how controllable phase transitions in metamaterials offer performance capabilities in energy management and programmable material properties for high-rate applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-transforming metamaterial with magnetic interactions

Liang

Fu²,

Crosby³

2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Lastly, it is also important to mention that while the metamaterial was actuated insitu using a nanomanipulator in this work, this is not the only method through which microactuation may be induced. Recent advances in MEMS and NEMS research suggest that actuation could also be potentially electrically or thermally induced [12,34,56,57], while studies on macroscale magnetic mechanical metamaterials [58,59] could also provide a viable route towards the development of suitable micro-actuation devices.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D auxetic metamaterials with tuneable micro-/nanoscale apertures

Mizzi

Salvati

Spaggiari

et al. 2020

Applied Materials Today

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Modern advanced manufacturing technologies have made possible the tailored design and fabrication of complex nanoscale architectures with anomalous and enhanced properties, including mechanical and optical metamaterials; structured materials which are able to exhibit unusual mechanical and optical properties that are derived from their geometry rather than their intrinsic material properties. In this work, we fabricated for the first time an ultrathin 2D auxetic metamaterial with nanoscale geometric features specifically designed to deform in-plane by using focused-ion-beam milling to introduce patterned nano-slits within a thin membrane. The system was mechanically loaded in-situ and exhibited in-plane dominated deformation up to 5% tensile strain and a Poisson's ratio of-0.78. Furthermore, the porosity and aperture shape of the metamaterial have been shown to change considerably upon the application of strain, with pore dimensions showing a fourfold increase at 5% strain. This mechanically-controlled tuneability makes this metamaterial system an ideal candidate for use as a reconfigurable nanofilter or a nano light-modulator.

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“…[1,3,49,50,53,61] Failure or irreversible deformation of the structures can occur due to unintended defects in the material. However, they can also be a part of the functionality of the metamaterial and are purposely designed into the material: cuts (e.g., in kirigami structures [62][63][64]), folds and wrinkles (e.g., the miura fold patterns [65,66]) in sheets) or instabilities (e.g., to create bistability or even multi-state metamaterials [67][68][69] or snapping mechanisms [55]). Here, the defects serve as mechanisms, creating the unique feature of mechanical metamaterials.…”

Section: Manufacturing Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Metamaterials on the Way from Laboratory Scale to Industrial Applications: Challenges for Characterization and Scalability

2020

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Mechanical metamaterials promise a paradigm shift in materials design, as the classical processing-microstructure-property relationship is no longer exhaustively describing the material properties. The present review article provides an application-centered view on the research field and aims to highlight challenges and pitfalls for the introduction of mechanical metamaterials into technical applications. The main difference compared to classical materials is the addition of the mesoscopic scale into the materials design space. Geometrically designed unit cells, small enough that the metamaterial acts like a mechanical continuum, enabling the integration of a variety of properties and functionalities. This presents new challenges for the design of functional components, their manufacturing and characterization. This article provides an overview of the design space for metamaterials, with focus on critical factors for scaling of manufacturing in order to fulfill industrial standards. The role of experimental and simulation tools for characterization and scaling of metamaterial concepts are summarized and herewith limitations highlighted. Finally, the authors discuss key aspects in order to enable metamaterials for industrial applications and how the design approach has to change to include reliability and resilience.

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Planar Mechanical Metamaterials with Embedded Permanent Magnets

Cited by 22 publications

References 53 publications

Phase-transforming metamaterial with magnetic interactions

Phase-transforming metamaterial with magnetic interactions

2D auxetic metamaterials with tuneable micro-/nanoscale apertures

Mechanical Metamaterials on the Way from Laboratory Scale to Industrial Applications: Challenges for Characterization and Scalability

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