Planar and nonplanar slicing algorithms for fused deposition modeling technology: a critical review

Nayyeri, Pooyan; Zareinia, Kourosh; Bougherara, Habiba

doi:10.1007/s00170-021-08347-x

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 87 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The two sets of samples have a nominal dimension of 90 mm × 90 mm × 90 mm, with maximum overhangs of 30°. Conventional (planar) and nonplanar slicing techniques were used to produce the samples, 24 reaching a maximum curvature angle of the layers of 32°. Further details on the sample batches can be found in the Supporting Information.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLA Feedstock Filled with Spent Coffee Grounds for New Product Applications with Large-Format Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing

Paramatti,

Romani,

Pugliese

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Food waste and loss generate significant waste such as spent coffee grounds (SCGs) from coffee consumption. These byproducts can be valorized by following circular economy and bioeconomy principles, e.g., using SCGs in polymer-based composites for 3D printing. Although desktop-size material extrusion additive manufacturing is increasingly adopted for biomass-polymer-based composites, the potential of large-format direct extrusion 3D printing systems remains unexplored. This work investigated the thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties of PLA/SCG composites for applications with a largeformat pellet extrusion 3D printer. The formulations exhibit minimal degradation at typical 3D printing temperatures of PLA, i.e., ∼190 °C, and limited effects on crystallinity by increasing the SCG weight percentage. The decrease in viscosity due to SCGs improves the printability and layer adhesion, as confirmed by the tensile test results, such as higher ultimate tensile strength and elongation at break values compared to those of the state-of-the-art values. Using pellet feedstocks contributes to limiting the effects of thermomechanical degradation by reducing raw material processing, i.e., avoiding filament extrusion. Using PLA/SCGs formulations was demonstrated through 3D printed complex parts with nonplanar slicing techniques, including a large-scale furniture product, validating large-format pellet extrusion 3D printers for scaling up the use of biomass-filled polymers.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLA Feedstock Filled with Spent Coffee Grounds for New Product Applications with Large-Format Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing

Paramatti,

Romani,

Pugliese

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Нормаль фасету має бути одиничним вектором, спрямованим назовні від суцільного об'єкта і в ASCII форматі, і в двійковій версіях STL формату. У більшості програм це може бути встановлено на (0,0,0), і програмне забезпечення автоматично обчислить нормаль на основі порядку вершин трикутника за допомогою «правила правої руки» [12,13].…”

Section: рис 1 тривимірна модель в форматі Stlunclassified

Analysis of STL Files as Input Data for Rapid Prototyping Systems

Husiev¹,

Nikiforova²

2022

БКТП

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since layers are components of a three-dimensional structure, the very process of cutting layers can directly affect the surface finish and mechanical properties of the structure, which are the two main disadvantages of FDM. In this regard, the study of different slicing algorithms can deepen the understanding of problems and gaps in FDM, which will help improve the quality of 3D printed building objects. Cutting algorithms developed for FDM technology are divided into two main groups: planar and non-planar. Complex algorithmic calculations are required to enable the printer to deploy multi-axis plane and non-plane, which is a drawback of these advanced methods. The article discusses the basic principles of slicing and conditionally outlines the possible difficulties that arise during the implementation of FDM technology, and also describes in detail the structure of the STL format file in binary and ASCII (English American standard code for information interchange) formats. The general characteristics and limitations of the STL file format were studied. The description of methods of classic slicing of the model and the mechanisms of implementation of more specific tasks are given. Current challenges and promising solutions to the problem are presented.

show abstract

“…The focus hereby lies on volumetric bodies, mostly excluding thin-walled structures and sandwich panels. The applied nomenclature has be adapted from [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As this concludes the nonplanar approaches for CFRP, the scope of this literature is extended to the itself young field of nonplanar slicing and pathplanning for FDM. For a full list of proposed algorithms, consult Table 2 in [ 8 ], as some of simpler approaches are omitted here. In general, the most promising modern approaches fall into two categories: field-based and decomposition-based.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Load-Oriented Nonplanar Additive Manufacturing Method for Optimized Continuous Carbon Fiber Parts

Kipping

Schüppstuhl

2023

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The process of the additive manufacturing (AM) of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) parts based on the process of fused deposition modeling (FDM) has seen considerable research in recent years, which amplifies the importance of adapted slicing and pathplanning methods. In particular, load-oriented techniques are of high interest when employing carbon fiber materials, as classical methods, such as tape-laying and laminating, struggle with highly curved and complex geometries and require the costly production of molds. While there have been some promising propositions in this field, most have restricted themselves to a planar slicing approach, which severely limits the ability to place the fibers along stress paths. In this paper, a nonplanar slicing approach is presented that utilizes principal stress directions to construct optimized nonplanar constituting layers on which pathplanning can be carried out. These layers are oriented such that the effect of the weak interlayer adhesion is minimized. Support material is adaptively generated to enable the use of arbitrary part geometry. Furthermore, a continuous pathplanning method and post-processor are applied to yield manufacturing instructions. The approach is verified for its viability of application through experimental investigation on a multi-axis robotic 3D printer. This constitutes an important step in allowing the fabrication of CFRP parts to further utilize the possibilities of additive manufacturing.

show abstract

Planar and nonplanar slicing algorithms for fused deposition modeling technology: a critical review

Cited by 29 publications

References 87 publications

PLA Feedstock Filled with Spent Coffee Grounds for New Product Applications with Large-Format Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing

PLA Feedstock Filled with Spent Coffee Grounds for New Product Applications with Large-Format Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing

Analysis of STL Files as Input Data for Rapid Prototyping Systems

Load-Oriented Nonplanar Additive Manufacturing Method for Optimized Continuous Carbon Fiber Parts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About