Plan nacional de salud mental. Reflexiones en torno a la implementación del modelo de psiquiatría comunitaria en Chile

Gatica-Saavedra, Mariela; Vicente, Benjamín; Rubi, Patricia

doi:10.4067/s0034-98872020000400500

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Regarding generalization, we need to move toward preventive and universal models [ 74 , 75 , 76 ]. Given the present study, this possibility is not limited to face-to-face interventions, but there is preliminary evidence of the effects of programs taught 100% online.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Two Online Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Early Adolescents for Attentional, Emotional, and Behavioral Self-Regulation

Porter,

Oyanadel,

Betancourt

et al. 2024

Pediatric Reports

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(1) Background: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have shown interesting preliminary effects on self-regulation processes in early adolescence. However, programs have typically combined different types of interventions with no understanding of the specific effect of each intervention type on attentional, emotional, and behavioral regulation. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of two MBIs—one focused on classic attentional practices and another focused on the recognition and expression of emotions—on attentional, emotional, and behavioral self-regulation in early adolescents. (2) Method: An experimental paradigm was used. A sample of 74 children aged between 8 and 12 years old were randomly assigned to three experimental conditions: (1) an MBI with a focus on attentional practices, (2) an MBI with a focus on recognition and expression of emotions, and (3) a control group. The interventions lasted 8 weeks, with a weekly, 1 h online synchronous session plus home practices. Children were evaluated before starting the intervention and at the end of the 8-week period. The assessed outcomes were (1) mindfulness; (2) emotional regulation; (3) attentional regulation, and (4) behavioral regulation. (3) Results: Children who participated in both intervention programs increased their mindfulness and emotional and behavioral regulation scores. Only children who participated in the MBI with a focus on attention showed significant changes in their ability to self-regulate attention. (4) Conclusions: The use of online MBIs, with attention to external and internal stimuli practices, can be a good strategy to strengthen self-regulation skills for attention, emotions, and behavior in early adolescence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Two Online Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Early Adolescents for Attentional, Emotional, and Behavioral Self-Regulation

Porter,

Oyanadel,

Betancourt

et al. 2024

Pediatric Reports

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“…En ambos casos se requiere de trabajo no sólo intersectorial, sino que interministerial para lograr la articulación con programas existentes del Servicio Nacional para la Prevención y Rehabilitación del Consumo de Drogas y Alcohol (SENDA) y el Ministerio de Justicia. Del mismo modo, somos conscientes de que nuestro país, si bien tiene un buen nivel de salud pública a nivel latinoamericano, al mismo tiempo presenta grandes problemas de inequidad, especialmente en salud mental (Araya, Rojas, Fritsch, Frank & Lewis, 2006;Frenz, Delgado, Kaufman & Harper, 2014;Gatica-Saavedra, Vicente, Vicente & Rubí, 2020); para cuya mejora es fundamental un aumento del presupuesto (Errázuriz, Valdés, Vöhringer & Calvo, 2015). Junto con el aumento presupuestario, se requiere trabajar en la implementación de una política de salud mental con un énfasis en promoción y prevención, que incluya como eje la participación ciudadana, y evite de forma activa la psicopatologización y estigmatizacíón del sufrimiento (Cova, Grandon, Saldivia, Inostroza & Novoa, 2019).…”

Section: Prevención Selectivaunclassified

Programa Nacional De Prevención Del Suicidio De Chile: Una Comparación Con La Evidencia Internacional

Inostroza¹

2021

REVGYAP

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El suicidio es un problema de salud pública mundial que ha sido abordado a nivel internacional con programas nacionales de prevención. El Programa Nacional de Prevención del Suicidio (PNPS) de Chile, es descrito y comparado con la evidencia internacional; la cual señala como componentes efectivos: Programa nacional de prevención, estrategias preventivas específicas a nivel universal, selectivo e indicado. En el análisis se detecta que las medidas planteadas por el PNPS son concordantes con la literatura, pero que su implementación aún es deficitaria en varias de ellas. Son fortalezas: cobertura territorial de salud mental y PNPS; contar con guías clínicas GES y orientaciones técnicas del PNSP; formación de actores clave en los sistemas de salud y educación. Se detallan propuestas de mejora acordes con la evidencia internacional y viables de implementar en Chile. Como elementos centrales a mejorar se cuentan: el aumento del presupuesto otorgado al PNPS y a salud mental en general; favorecer el acceso a tratamiento de salud mental en etapas tempranas del riesgo a personas en situación de vulnerabilidad social; la intervención en crisis, tratamiento y seguimiento de las personas con crisis suicida; la vigilancia epidemiológica de intentos de suicidio y suicidios consumados; y la evaluación científica del programa. Son oportunidades: La existencia de ONGs dedicadas a la prevención del suicidio, y de una academia con experticia en el tema; actores clave cuya integración al PNPS favorecería el logro de este importante objetivo.

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“…Thus, social participation is a strategy of intervention with older people that contributes to improving the welfare conditions of these people. 9 In Chile, although the 2017 national health plan incorporates in its approaches the social determinants of health, considering that health is multidimensional transcending the physiological dimension, and that there are social and economic aspects that influence its restoration, 10 it is evident that the social determinants are not modified in practice. Therefore, inequalities continue to be reproduced, and those who age in worse conditions are the people who live in contexts of greater social and economic disadvantage.…”

Section: Introduction Criteria For the Implementation Of A Community ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-based mental health prevention strategy with older adults

Constanzo¹,

Molina²,

Tranamil³

et al. 2023

IJFCM

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The purpose of this study was to characterize the components required for the implementation of a community-based intervention strategy for mental health prevention in older adults in a poor neighborhood in the city of Temuco. The sample of the qualitative study was composed of 15 older adults, 2 neighborhood leaders, and 2 psychosocial interveners who have been working in the sector. The design corresponds to a case study, and semi-structured interviews guided by a guideline of topics and participant observation in activities carried out with older adults in a mental health and self-care workshop were used in the production of data. The data were interpreted through content analysis. The results show that the form of aging is characterized by loneliness and feelings of sadness, including in some cases tensions derived from family dynamics. There is also economic precariousness and difficulty in accessing health services. During the pandemic, they had to face various situations that increased their feelings of loneliness and helplessness. On the other hand, the results show that neighborhood strategies to support the elderly operate on a contingency basis, and are of an assistance type. On the other hand, there is little presence of services and interventions by professional teams of public policy programs focused on this population group. Among the priority needs of the people interviewed are social contact, breaking the routine, participating in collective recreational activities aimed at sharing with others, and developing workshops with external professionals that allow them to learn. In relation to the strategies that can contribute to a community-based intervention, the need for workshop-type group activities is identified, with a horizontal and close treatment of the professionals who dynamize them. These should be held regularly (weekly), with a personalized call, including the use of participatory and playful strategies and the possibility of developing handicrafts. The workshops are understood by the elderly as a space for socialization, mutual support and learning. According to the findings of the research, these workshops should be complemented with interventions and resources that promote healthy lifestyles and resources to adequately meet the needs of the elderly.

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Plan nacional de salud mental. Reflexiones en torno a la implementación del modelo de psiquiatría comunitaria en Chile

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of Two Online Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Early Adolescents for Attentional, Emotional, and Behavioral Self-Regulation

Effects of Two Online Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Early Adolescents for Attentional, Emotional, and Behavioral Self-Regulation

Programa Nacional De Prevención Del Suicidio De Chile: Una Comparación Con La Evidencia Internacional

Community-based mental health prevention strategy with older adults

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