Plains lubber grasshopper (Brachystola magna) as a potential intermediate host for Oxyspirura petrowi in northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus)

Kistler, Whitney M.; Hock, Sabrina; HERNOUT, BEATRICE; Williams, Nikki; Downing, C; Dunham, Nicholas R.; Kumar, Naveen; Turaga, Uday; Parlos, Julie A.; Kendall, Ronald J.

doi:10.1017/pao.2016.5

Cited by 15 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…KF110800, KF110799, KF306222, and KT958839-KT958867). We selected the ITS region because it has been successfully used in previous qPCR studies and it has the most sequence information available [16, 17]. We then created a consensus sequence and used Primer Express v3.0.1 (Life Technologies Corp., Carlsbad, CA, USA) to design primers and hydrolysis probe (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DNA for cloning was extracted and sequenced in a previous study [16]. After cloning, we performed colony PCR on single white Escherichia coli colonies to ensure our locus was present.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…petrowi eggs from fecal samples from birds experimentally infected with O . petrowi [16]. Briefly, after the fecal flotation technique, O .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Quantitative PCR Protocol for Detection of Oxyspirura petrowi in Northern Bobwhites (Colinus virginianus)

et al. 2016

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Oxyspirura petrowi is a parasitic nematode that infects wild birds. This parasite has a broad host range, but has recently been reported in high prevalences from native Galliformes species in the United States. In order to better understand the impact O. petrowi has on wild bird populations, we developed a quantitative PCR protocol to detect infections in wild northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus). We used paired fecal and cloacal swab samples from wild caught and experimentally infected northern bobwhites and matching fecal float data from experimentally infected birds to validate our assay. Overall we detected more positive birds from fecal samples than the paired cloacal swabs and there was strong agreement between the qPCR results from fecal samples and from fecal flotation (84%; κ = 0.69 [0.53–0.84 95% CI]). We also detected O. petrowi DNA in ten replicates of samples spiked with one O. petrowi egg. This qPCR assay is an effective assay to detect O. petrowi infections in wild birds. Our results suggest that fecal samples are the most appropriate sample for detecting infections; although, cloacal swabs can be useful for determining if O. petrowi is circulating in a population.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DNA for cloning was extracted and sequenced in a previous study [16]. After cloning, we performed colony PCR on single white Escherichia coli colonies to ensure our locus was present.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Quantitative PCR Protocol for Detection of Oxyspirura petrowi in Northern Bobwhites (Colinus virginianus)

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“…Similarly, all described parasites require an intermediate host to transmit infection. While it is postulated that the plains lubber grasshopper (Brachystola magna) is a potential intermediate host (Kistler et al 2016), it has not been determined whether it is capable of transmitting to bobwhite. Future investigations into the intermediate host of O. petrowi should prioritize similar species as the intermediate hosts of the related parasites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis of eyeworm (Oxyspirura petrowi) in northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) based on the nuclear 18S rDNA and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 gene (COX1)

et al. 2018

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Oxyspirura petrowi is a heteroxenous nematode found in northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) of the Rolling Plains ecoregion of Texas. Despite its impact on this popular gamebird, genetic level studies on O. petrowi remain relatively unexplored. To accomplish this, we chose the previously studied nuclear rDNA 18S region as well as the mitochondrial COX1 gene region of O. petrowi to investigate phylogenetic relations between O. petrowi and other nematode species. In this study, we generate primers using multiple alignment and universal nematode primers to obtain a near-complete 18S and partial COX1 sequence of O. petrowi, respectively. Phylogenetic trees for O. petrowi's 18S and COX1 gene regions were constructed using the Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony method. A comparative analysis was done based on the nuclear and mitochondrial region similarities between O. petrowi and other nematode species that infect both humans and animals. Results revealed a close relation to the zoonotic eyeworm Thelazia callipaeda as well as a close relation with filarial super family (Filarioidea) such as the human eyeworm Loa loa and Dirofilaria repens eyeworm of dog and carnivores.

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“…petrowi and A . pennula ( Branson, 2014 ; Kistler et al, 2016a ; Almas et al, 2018 ; Henry et al, 2018 , 2020 ), which coupled with high bobwhite populations ( TPWD, 2019 ), created an environment rich in both intermediate and definitive hosts, an ideal situation for the proliferation of parasites ( Sures and Streit, 2001 ; Liccioli et al, 2014 ). This may have facilitated the transmission of parasites leading to the increased infection levels of both O .…”

Section: Using the Woe Framework To Investigate The Role Of Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Weight of evidence” as a tool for evaluating disease in wildlife: An example assessing parasitic infection in Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus)

Henry

Brym

Skinner

et al. 2020

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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The potential of parasites to affect host abundance has been a topic of heated contention within the scientific community for some time, with many maintaining that issues such as habitat loss are more important in regulating wildlife populations than diseases. This is in part due to the difficulty in detecting and quantifying the consequences of disease, such as parasitic infection, within wild systems. An example of this is found in the Northern bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginanus ), an iconic game bird that is one of the most extensively studied vertebrates on the planet. Yet, despite countless volumes dedicated to the study and management of this bird, bobwhite continue to disappear from fields, forest margins, and grasslands across the United States in what some have referred to as “our greatest wildlife tragedy”. Here, we will discuss the history of disease and wildlife conservation, some of the challenges wildlife disease studies face in the ever-changing world, and how a “weight of evidence” approach has been invaluable to evaluating the impact of parasites on bobwhite in the Rolling Plains of Texas. Through this, we highlight the potential of using “weight of the evidence” to better understand the complex effects of diseases on wildlife and urge a greater consideration of the importance of disease in wildlife conservation.

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Plains lubber grasshopper (Brachystola magna) as a potential intermediate host for Oxyspirura petrowi in northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus)

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

A Quantitative PCR Protocol for Detection of Oxyspirura petrowi in Northern Bobwhites (Colinus virginianus)

A Quantitative PCR Protocol for Detection of Oxyspirura petrowi in Northern Bobwhites (Colinus virginianus)

Phylogenetic analysis of eyeworm (Oxyspirura petrowi) in northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) based on the nuclear 18S rDNA and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 gene (COX1)

“Weight of evidence” as a tool for evaluating disease in wildlife: An example assessing parasitic infection in Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus)

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