Plagiarism: Words and Ideas

Bouville, Mathieu

doi:10.1007/s11948-008-9057-6

Cited by 101 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Depth of a term t refers to the frequency of the term in a class (unlike normal term frequency which considers the number of the term's occurrences in the whole document). Thus, Spread and Depth can be combined to find the weight w of a structural component c in a generic class Gc, which can be expressed as follows: (1) where spread(t) is the number of components that has t, tf t,Gc is the frequency of t in the generic class Gc which has t, and maxtf Gc is the maximum frequency occurs in that class.…”

Section: B Component Weighting: C-weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such contributions of others are considered their ideas and should be acknowledged when reported in a further research. Plagiarism from scientific publications, hence, takes two forms: words and ideas, based on the plagiarised content [1]. Words plagiarism is the form of using some sentences or phrases found in other papers which contain some general knowledge but do not contain original ideas of others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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iPlag: Intelligent Plagiarism Reasoner in scientific publications

Alzahrani

Salim

Abraham

et al. 2011

2011 World Congress on Information and Communication Technologies

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Abstract-Existing anti-plagiarism tools are, in fact, text matching systems but do not make accurate judgments about plagiarism. Texts that are acceptable to be redundant and texts that are cited properly are all highlighted as plagiarism, and the real decision of plagiarism is left up to the user. To reduce the human input and to give more reliance to automatic plagiarism detectors, we propose an Intelligent Plagiarism Reasoner (iPlag), which works by combining several analytical procedures. Scholarly documents under investigation are segmented into logical tree-structured representation using a procedure called D-SEGMENT. Statistical methods are utilised to assign numerical weights to structural components under a technique called C-WEIGHT. Relevance ranking (R-RANK) and plagiarism screening approaches (P-SCREEN) are adjusted to incorporate structural weights, citation evidences, syntax-based and semantic-based methods into plagiarism detection results. We encourage current plagiarism detection systems to adapt the proposed framework.

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Section: B Component Weighting: C-weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

iPlag: Intelligent Plagiarism Reasoner in scientific publications

Alzahrani

Salim

Abraham

et al. 2011

2011 World Congress on Information and Communication Technologies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While some researchers argue that the background nature of literature reviews precludes original thought and thereby the stealing of ideas (Bouville 2008), a claim can be made that the purpose of the literature review is to make an intellectual argument that contextualizes the current research within previous work. That said, differentiating between ideas and words in a text match is not a clear-cut procedure.…”

Section: Search String No Of Words Hitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This brought engineering into the news in a very negative light and resulted in one student losing his master's degree (Linder 2007) and others being required to rewrite their theses. When incidents such as this are publicized, little is usually said about how much material was copied and whether the copying represented the stealing of words or ideas or both (Bouville 2008). An instance of copying, regardless of degree and context, appears to equal a finding of plagiarism in many cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textual Appropriation in Engineering Master’s Theses: A Preliminary Study

Eckel

2010

Sci Eng Ethics

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In the thesis literature review, an engineering graduate student is expected to place original research in the context of previous work by other researchers. However, for some students, particularly those for whom English is a second language, the literature review may be a mixture of original writing and verbatim source text appropriated without quotations. Such problematic use of source material leaves students vulnerable to an accusation of plagiarism, which carries severe consequences. Is such textual appropriation common in engineering master's writing? Furthermore, what, if anything, can be concluded when two texts have been found to have textual material in common? Do existing definitions of plagiarism provide a sufficient framework for determining if an instance of copying is transgressive or not? In a preliminary attempt to answer these questions, text strings from a random sample of 100 engineering master's theses from the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database were searched for appropriated verbatim source text using the Google search engine. The results suggest that textual borrowing may indeed be a common feature of the master's engineering literature review, raising questions about the ability of graduate students to synthesize the literature. The study also illustrates the difficulties of making a determination of plagiarism based on simple textual similarity. A context-specific approach is recommended when dealing with any instance of apparent copying.

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“…Understanding all the stakeholders, as well as the legal and ethical implications of transfers, can help facilitate decisions that are in the best interest of everyone involved. 5 Legal precedent (Stanford v. Roche, 2011; CGR 2011a), grant provisions (NIH 2010a; State of California 2014), and institutional policies often stipulate that the financial award for most grants is the property of the institution to which the grant is awarded. However, transfer or retention of funds is only one aspect of the equation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protecting Ideas: Ethical and Legal Considerations When a Grant’s Principal Investigator Changes

et al. 2015

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Ethical issues related the responsible conduct of research involve questions concerning the rights and obligations of investigators to propose, design, implement, and publish research. When a principal investigator (PI) transfers institutions during a grant cycle, financial and recognition issues need to be addressed to preserve all parties' obligations and best interests in a mutually beneficial way. Although grants often transfer with the PI, sometimes they do not. Maintaining a grant at an institution after the PI leaves does not negate the grantee institution's obligation to recognize the PI's original ideas, contributions, and potential rights to some forms of expression and compensation.Issues include maintaining a role for the PI in determining how to take credit for, share and publish results that involve his or her original ideas. Ascribing proper credit can become a thorny issue. This paper provides a framework for addressing situations and disagreements that may occur when a new PI continues the work after the original PI transfers. Included are suggestions for proactively developing institutional mechanisms that address such issues. Considerations include how to develop solutions that comply with the responsible conduct of research, equitably resolve claims regarding reporting of results, and avoid the possibility of plagiarism.4

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Plagiarism: Words and Ideas

Cited by 101 publications

References 28 publications

iPlag: Intelligent Plagiarism Reasoner in scientific publications

iPlag: Intelligent Plagiarism Reasoner in scientific publications

Textual Appropriation in Engineering Master’s Theses: A Preliminary Study

Protecting Ideas: Ethical and Legal Considerations When a Grant’s Principal Investigator Changes

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