Placentation

Wooding, F. B. P.; Flint, A. P. F.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-1286-4_4

Cited by 107 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 594 publications

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“…Our results showing alternating aggregates of cells with similar phenotypes suggest that all the cells sharing a similar pattern of expression originated from a single cell. This is consistent with a previous suggestion (Wooding & Flint 1994) that any mononucleate trophoblastic cell can produce two cells, one of them leading to a binucleate cell through acytokinetic mitosis while the other remains as a mononucleate cell. Successive cell divisions of the latter will result in the generation of numerous binucleate cells sharing the same phenotype, as observed in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Specific expression patterns and cell distribution of ancient and modern PAG in bovine placenta during pregnancy

Touzard¹,

Reinaud²,

Dubois³

et al. 2013

Reproduction

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Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) constitute a multigenic family of aspartic proteinases expressed in the trophoblast of the ruminant placenta. In Bos taurus, this family comprises 21 members segregated into ancient and modern phylogenetic groups. Ancient PAGs have been reported to be synthesized throughout the trophoblastic cell layer whereas modern PAGs are produced by binucleate cells of cotyledons. The aim of this study was to investigate modern and ancient PAGs during gestation in cotyledonary and intercotyledonary tissues. To obtain convincing and innovative results despite the high sequence identity shared between PAGs, we designed specific tools such as amplification primers and antibodies. Using real-time RT-PCR, we described the transcript expression of 16 bovine PAGs. Overall, PAGs are characterized by an increase in their expression during gestation. However, we demonstrated a segregation of modern PAGs in cotyledons and of ancient PAGs in the intercotyledonary chorion, except for the ancient PAG2 expressed in cotyledons. By raising specific antibodies against the modern PAG1 and ancient PAG11 and PAG2, we established the expression kinetics of the proteins using western blotting. Immunohistochemistry showed that PAGs were produced by specific cellular populations: PAG1 by binucleate cells in the whole trophoblastic layer, PAG11 was localized in binucleate cells of the intercotyledonary trophoblast and the chorionic plate of the cotyledon, while PAG2 was produced in mononucleate cells of the internal villi of the cotyledon. These results revealed a highly specific regulation of PAG expression and cell localization as a function of their phylogenetic status, suggesting distinct biological functions within placental tissues.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Specific expression patterns and cell distribution of ancient and modern PAG in bovine placenta during pregnancy

Touzard¹,

Reinaud²,

Dubois³

et al. 2013

Reproduction

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“…The BNCs are directly involved in modification of the uterine epithelium, beginning at implantation and continuing until term. At maturity, all BNC possess two nuclei and large populations of characteristic granules that produce an array of compounds, including bovine placental lactogens (bPL), prolactinrelated protein-1 (bPRP-1) and pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (bPAG; Wooding and Flint 1994). BNCs are also a source of steroid hormones, prostanoids, peptides and other protein hormones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bovine endometrial epithelial cells promote the differentiation of trophoblast stem-like cells to binucleate trophoblast cells

Hou

et al. 2016

Cytotechnology

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Endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) cultured in vitro are valuable tools for investigating embryo implantation and trophoblast differentiation. In this study, we have established the bovine EECs and trophoblast stem-like (TS) coculture system, and used it to investigate the binucleate cell formation of ungulates. The EECs was derived from the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum by using collagenase I and deoxyribonuclease I, which exhibited typical epithelial morphology and were expressing bovine uterine epithelial marker such as IFNAR1, IFNAR2, Era, PGR, ESR1 and KRT18. The cells immunostained positively by epithelial and trophectoderm marker cytokeratin 18 (KRT18) and stromal marker vimentin antibodies, and the KRT18 positive cells reached 99 %. The EECs can be cultured for up to 20 passages in vitro with no significant morphology changes and uterine epithelial marker gene expression alteration. The bTS cells were established in a dual inhibitor system and exhibited typical trophoblast stem cell characteristics. When bTS cells were cultured with EECs, the bTS cells adhered to the EECs as adhering to feeder cells. Binucleate cells began appearing on day 4 of coculture and reached approximately 18.47 % of the differentiated cells. Quantitative real-time PCR or immunofluorescence analyses were performed on bTS cells cocultured at day 6 and day 12. The results showed that the expression level of KRT18 was down-regulated while the expression level of trophoblast differentiation marker MASH2, HAND1, GCM1 and CDX2 was upregulated in bTS cells. In conclusion, bovine EECs can be obtained from the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum via treatment with collagenase I and deoxyribonuclease I, and the EECs-bTS cells coculture system presents an ideal tool for studying the differentiation of bTS cells to trophoblast binucleate cells.

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“…Reciprocal signalling and molecular exchange between the mother and the embryo/foetus, at discrete sites that together make up the placentome, is likely to play a critical role. During bovine placentation there is a continuing migration of foetal trophoblast-derived binucleate cells (BNC) and subsequent fusing with maternal uterine epithelial cells into feto-maternal syncytial plaques (Wooding and Flint, 1994). BNC produce an array of compounds, like steroids, prostanoids, bovine placental lactogens (bPLs), pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs), bovine prolactin-related protein (bPRP)-1, and the gene expression profiles for BNC-specific bPLs, bPRPs and PAGs vary during pregnancy with apparent strategic effects on implantation, placentogenesis, fetogenesis and overall progression of pregnancy (Hashizume et al, 2007).…”

Section: Recent Transcriptomic Studies On Dairy Cow Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression profiles of genes regulating dairy cow fertility: recent findings, ongoing activities and future possibilities

Beerda

Wyszyńska-Koko

Pas

et al. 2008

Animal

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Subfertility has negative effects for dairy farm profitability, animal welfare and sustainability of animal production. Increasing herd sizes and economic pressures restrict the amount of time that farmers can spend on counteractive management. Genetic improvement will become increasingly important to restore reproductive performance. Complementary to traditional breeding value estimation procedures, genomic selection based on genome-wide information will become more widely applied. Functional genomics, including transcriptomics (gene expression profiling), produces the information to understand the consequences of selection as it helps to unravel physiological mechanisms underlying female fertility traits. Insight into the latter is needed to develop new effective management strategies to combat subfertility. Here, the importance of functional genomics for dairy cow reproduction so far and in the near future is evaluated. Recent gene profiling studies in the field of dairy cow fertility are reviewed and new data are presented on genes that are expressed in the brains of dairy cows and that are involved in dairy cow oestrus (behaviour). Fast-developing new research areas in the field of functional genomics, such as epigenetics, RNA interference, variable copy numbers and nutrigenomics, are discussed including their promising future value for dairy cow fertility.

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Placentation

Cited by 107 publications

References 594 publications

Specific expression patterns and cell distribution of ancient and modern PAG in bovine placenta during pregnancy

Specific expression patterns and cell distribution of ancient and modern PAG in bovine placenta during pregnancy

The bovine endometrial epithelial cells promote the differentiation of trophoblast stem-like cells to binucleate trophoblast cells

Expression profiles of genes regulating dairy cow fertility: recent findings, ongoing activities and future possibilities

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