Placental transfer of antibiotics administered to the mother: a review

Gm, Pacifici

doi:10.5414/cpp44057

Cited by 82 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…The infl uence of physicochemical properties in the transport of drugs across the human placenta has been thoroughly investigated by Pacifi ci et al (Pacifi ci and Nottoli, 1995;Pacifi ci 2005;Pacifi ci 2006). In fact, drugs with enhanced molecular size (MW > 500), were reported to have an incomplete placental transfer (Pacifi ci and Nottoli, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of quantitative structure–activity relationships for modeling drug and chemical transport across the human placenta barrier: a multivariate data analysis approach

Giaginis

Zira

Theocharis

et al. 2009

J of Applied Toxicology

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Pharmacological agents and environmental pollutants can transfer from mother to fetus across the placental barrier, leading to reproductive toxic effects. Ex vivo human placental perfusion constitutes the most widely used method to study placental transfer and metabolism of drugs and chemicals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) methodology could serve as an effective alternative tool to estimate drugs and chemicals transport across the human placental barrier on the basis of easily interpretable molecular, physicochemical and structural properties. Multivariate data analysis (MVDA) was applied to a set of 88 structurally diverse drugs and chemicals to model placental transfer expressed by clearance index values compiled from literature sources. An adequate and robust QSAR model (r(2) = 0.73, Q(2) = 0.71, RMSEE = 0.15) was established, providing an informative illustration of the contributing physicochemical, molecular and structural properties of the compounds in placental transfer process. Descriptors reflecting the polarity of compounds proved to be the most important with a negative sign. Lipophilicity and, at a lower extent, molecular size parameters exerted positive contribution in the model. Thus, QSAR analysis may be considered as a promising alternative tool to support high-throughput screening of drugs and chemicals in respect to their transport across placental barrier.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of quantitative structure–activity relationships for modeling drug and chemical transport across the human placenta barrier: a multivariate data analysis approach

Giaginis

Zira

Theocharis

et al. 2009

J of Applied Toxicology

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“…Liposolubility and ionization are strong determinants for drug diffusion across the placenta. For instance, several penicillins, in spite of being strong acids, can be efficiently transferred across the human placenta, probably by simple diffusion [111] . Among weakbase drugs, acetaminophen, phenobarbital, phenytoin and clonidine are able to cross the placenta at a high rate, probably by simple diffusion [112] .…”

Section: Protection Against Drugs and Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excretion of biliary compounds during intrauterine life

Macı́as¹,

Marin²,

Serrano³

2009

WJG

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In adults, the hepatobiliary system, together with the kidney, constitute the main routes for the elimination of several endogenous and xenobiotic compounds into bile and urine, respectively. However, during intrauterine life the biliary route of excretion for cholephilic compounds, such as bile acids and biliary pigments, is very poor. Although very early in pregnancy the fetal liver produces bile acids, bilirubin and biliverdin, these compounds cannot be efficiently eliminated by the fetal hepatobiliary system, owing to the immaturity of the excretory machinery in the fetal liver. Therefore, the potentially harmful accumulation of cholephilic compounds in the fetus is prevented by their elimination across the placenta. Owing to the presence of detoxifying enzymes and specific transport systems at different locations of the placental barrier, such as the endothelial cells of chorionic vessels and trophoblast cells, this organ plays an important role in the hepatobiliary-like function during intrauterine life. The relevance of this excretory function in normal fetal physiology is evident in situations where high concentrations of biliary compounds are accumulated in the mother. This may result in oxidative stress and apoptosis, mainly in the placenta and fetal liver, which might affect normal fetal development and challenge the fate of the pregnancy. The present article reviews current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the hepatobiliary function of the fetal-placental unit and the repercussions of several pathological conditions on this tandem.

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“…All the antibiotics for which the placental transfer has been studied can be detected in the amniotic fluid [14] . Penicillins, well-documented cephalosporins (e.g.…”

Section: Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of Drugs during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding in Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Panchaud

Paolo²,

Koutsokera³

et al. 2016

Respiration

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Health management of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients should be maximized during pregnancy and breastfeeding because of its significant impact on the maternal and newborn outcomes. Thus, numerous drugs will have to be continued during pregnancy and lactation. Most of the drugs representing CF treatment lines cross the placenta or are excreted into human milk. Research addressing the risks and benefits of drugs used in CF patients during pregnancy and lactation is often incomplete or challenged by limited methodology, which often leads to conflicting or inconclusive results. Yet, potential treatment benefits for CF pregnant patients most often outbalance potential risks for the unborn child.

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Placental transfer of antibiotics administered to the mother: a review

Cited by 82 publications

References 0 publications

Application of quantitative structure–activity relationships for modeling drug and chemical transport across the human placenta barrier: a multivariate data analysis approach

Application of quantitative structure–activity relationships for modeling drug and chemical transport across the human placenta barrier: a multivariate data analysis approach

Excretion of biliary compounds during intrauterine life

Safety of Drugs during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding in Cystic Fibrosis Patients

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