Placental Perfusion and Permeability: Simultaneous Assessment with Dual-Echo Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging in Mice

Abstract

Placental perfusion and permeability can be measured in vivo by using high gadolinium doses and a dual-echo MR imaging sequence.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and pharmacokinetic models in prostate cancer

“…Once again, a linear relationship can be expected between SI and [CM] for the low [CM] range of ≤4 mmol/l; the concentration is likely to be within this range, unless images are acquired in the early distribution phase [25]. However, if the MR sequence also serves to adequately quantify the early distribution phase, especially the first pass of the CM, then one must consider the T2* effects as well; these effects are proportional to [CM] and reduce the T1 signal [25,26]. To capture these effects, a dual-echo GRE sequence is used, which acquires T1w and T2*w images simultaneously [25][26][27].…”

SPIO‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging study of placental perfusion in a rat model of intrauterine growth restriction

“…8 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is being increasingly used as a diagnostic tool in human pregnancy, and recent reports suggest that it may provide important information on placental function. [9][10][11][12][13] Perfusion can be measured in several ways with MRI, including arterial spin labelling (ASL), echo planar imaging (EPI), and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM). [14][15][16] We have previously described a novel MRI-based approach to study placental function in a living mouse model, based on the use of gadolinium contrast agents and dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) MRI.…”

“…[14][15][16] We have previously described a novel MRI-based approach to study placental function in a living mouse model, based on the use of gadolinium contrast agents and dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) MRI. This has the capacity to measure placental perfusion and permeability in both physiological and pathological settings; 10,[12][13][14][15][16] however, gadolinium is not recommended for use during human pregnancy.…”

Magnetic resonance imaging of hypoxic injury to the murine placenta

“…Nevertheless, we find it less likely that the FGR, CA dynamics changes, and altered gene expression could have been explained by changes that occurred over a brief reoxygenation period (2 h or less at the end of the experiment). In vivo dynamic imaging of fetoplacental perfusion in mice poses a significant technological challenge (44,51). First, high-quality DCE-MRI data must be acquired for several fetoplacental units within each pregnant dam.…”

“…MRI studies of placental anatomy and perfusion have been conducted in different species (16,29,31,35,36,44,51). Contrast agents (typically gadolinium-based chelates) were noted to easily cross the placental barrier in both the mouse and human placenta, and appeared in the fetal bladder soon after maternal intravenous administration (8,49,52).…”