Placental Pathologic Changes in Malaria

Walter, Paul; Garin, Y. J. F.; Blot, Philippe

doi:10.1097/00006254-198308000-00008

Cited by 27 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Histological lesions of P. falciparum -induced placentitis are well known (Walter et al 1982). The Bulmer classification (Bulmer et al 1993) captures the progression of infection with P. falciparum .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Placentas were collected with informed consent of the parturients during a 5-month period (July to November, the rainy season), when malarial transmission was maximal (Trape et al 1992). Because it had previously been reported that placental pathology in malarial infection is most marked in the medial placental zone (Walter et al 1982), samples for histological examination were processed from this area. These samples were fixed in Bouin's solution rather than in formalin (to eliminate formalin pigment formation) or were frozen in isopentan.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative Computer Image Analysis of Chondroitin Sulfate A Expression in Placentas Infected with Plasmodium Falciparum

Sartelet

Garraud

Lorenzato

et al. 1999

J Histochem Cytochem.

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SUMMARYMost pathological conditions resulting from infection with the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum occur as a consequence of the sequestration by several adhesion molecules of parasite-infected red blood cells (IRBCs). Recent reports have provided evidence that placental vascular endothelial ligands for IRBCs were mostly restricted to chondroitin sulfate A (CSA). The expression of CSA in malaria-infected placentas was investigated in a prospective case-control study in a hypoendemic area (Dakar, Senegal). The tissue distribution of CSA was measured in the terminal villi by immunostaining combined with image processing in 20 infected and 20 noninfected frozen sections of placenta. The villous surface immunostained by anti-CSA antibody was higher in infected than in noninfected placentas ( p Ͻ 0.03), in placentas with active infection than in those with past chronic infection ( p Ͻ 0.05), and in infected placentas with positive imprints than in those with negative imprints (not significant; p ϭ 0.06). Labeling was found in the extracellular matrix and in endothelial and stromal cells of all the placentas. Syncytiotrophoblast immunostaining was detected in all placentas associated with active or active chronic infection ( n ϭ 7) but in only 4/13 placentas with past chronic infection ( p Ͻ 0.01). The presence of P. falciparum in the imprint was significantly correlated with immunostaining of CSA in syncytiotrophoblasts ( p ϭ 0.003). These results suggest that CSA can play an important role in the sequestration of P. falciparum in human placentas during the acute phase of infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Computer Image Analysis of Chondroitin Sulfate A Expression in Placentas Infected with Plasmodium Falciparum

Sartelet

Garraud

Lorenzato

et al. 1999

J Histochem Cytochem.

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“…Cytoadherence is implicated in a number of pathological outcomes. Adhesion of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes in brain capillaries is implicated in cerebral malaria, and cytoadherence in the placenta often leads to complications in pregnancy (11,17,(24)(25).…”

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confidence: 99%

Plasmodium falciparum Infection Elicits Both Variant-Specific and Cross-Reactive Antibodies against Variant Surface Antigens

et al. 2003

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Naturally acquired antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP-1), the variant surface antigens expressed on the surface of infected erythrocytes, are thought to play a role in protection against P. falciparum malaria. Here, we have studied the development of antibodies to PfEMP-1 in adult malaria patients living in Rourkela, India, an area with a low malaria transmission rate, and prevalence of antibodies to PfEMP-1 in residents of San Dulakudar, India, a village in which P. falciparum malaria is hyperendemic. Convalescent-phase sera from adult malaria patients from Rourkela agglutinate homologous P. falciparum isolates as well as some heterologous isolates, suggesting that they develop partially cross-reactive antibodies to PfEMP-1 following infection. Adult sera from San Dulakudar agglutinate diverse P. falciparum isolates, suggesting that they have antibodies with wide recognition of diverse PfEMP-1. Mixed-agglutination assays using pairs of P. falciparum isolates confirm the presence of both variant-specific and partially crossreactive antibodies in convalescent-phase sera from Rourkela and adult sera from San Dulakudar. Analysis of PfEMP-1 sequences suggests a molecular basis for the observed cross-reactivity.

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“…The key feature of this infection is the accumulation of Plasmodium falciparuminfected erythrocytes in the placenta (17), which is associated with parasite adhesion to the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) (2,8) and hyaluronic acid (3) on the placental lining. Blocking the interaction between the infected erythrocyte and the GAG receptors, for example by an antiadhesive vaccine or small molecule, is therefore a rational therapeutic strategy for the disease, but elucidation of the mechanism of adhesion is a prerequisite.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Glycosaminoglycan Binding Domains in Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 of a Chondroitin Sulfate A-Adherent Parasite

et al. 2000

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Accumulation of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in the placenta is a key feature of maternal malaria. This process is mediated in part by the parasite ligand P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) at the surface of the infected erythrocyte interacting with the host receptor chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) on the placental lining. We have localized CSA binding activity to two adjacent domains in PfEMP1 of an adherent parasite line and shown the presence of at least three active glycosaminoglycan binding sites. A putative CSA binding sequence was identified in one domain, but nonlinear binding motifs are also likely to be present, since binding activity in the region was shown to be dependent on conformation. Characterization of this binding region provides an opportunity to investigate further its potential as a target for antiadhesion therapy.

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Placental Pathologic Changes in Malaria

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Quantitative Computer Image Analysis of Chondroitin Sulfate A Expression in Placentas Infected with Plasmodium Falciparum

Quantitative Computer Image Analysis of Chondroitin Sulfate A Expression in Placentas Infected with Plasmodium Falciparum

Plasmodium falciparum Infection Elicits Both Variant-Specific and Cross-Reactive Antibodies against Variant Surface Antigens

Identification of Glycosaminoglycan Binding Domains in Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 of a Chondroitin Sulfate A-Adherent Parasite

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