Placental Function

Robinson, Jeffrey S.; Seamark, R.F.; Owens, Julie A.

doi:10.1111/j.1479-828x.1994.tb01065.x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…There is no single parameter reflecting placental function, but placental transport capacity is dependent on exchange area as well as density of transport proteins. Under physiological conditions, it is reasonable to assume that placental weight is correlated to exchange area and therefore with total transport capacity [17], [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Newborn Body Fat: Associations with Maternal Metabolic State and Placental Size

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundNeonatal body composition has implications for the health of the newborn both in short and long term perspective. The objective of the current study was first to explore the association between maternal BMI and metabolic parameters associated with BMI and neonatal percentage body fat and to determine to which extent any associations were modified if adjusting for placental weight. Secondly, we examined the relations between maternal metabolic parameters associated with BMI and placental weight.MethodsThe present work was performed in a subcohort (n = 207) of the STORK study, an observational, prospective study on the determinants of fetal growth and birthweight in healthy pregnancies at Oslo University Hospital, Norway. Fasting glucose, insulin, triglycerides, free fatty acids, HDL- and total cholesterol were measured at week 30–32. Newborn body composition was determined by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA). Placenta was weighed at birth. Linear regression models were used with newborn fat percentage and placental weight as main outcomes.ResultsMaternal BMI, fasting glucose and gestational age were independently associated with neonatal fat percentage. However, if placental weight was introduced as a covariate, only placental weight and gestational age remained significant. In the univariate model, the determinants of placenta weight included BMI, insulin, triglycerides, total- and HDL-cholesterol (negatively), gestational weight gain and parity. In the multivariable model, BMI, total cholesterol HDL-cholesterol, gestational weight gain and parity remained independent covariates.ConclusionMaternal BMI and fasting glucose were independently associated with newborn percentage fat. This effect disappeared by introducing placental weight as a covariate. Several metabolic factors associated with maternal BMI were associated with placental weight, but not with neonatal body fat. Our findings are consistent with a concept that the effects of maternal BMI and a number of BMI-related metabolic factors on fetal fat accretion to a significant extent act by modifying placental weight.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Newborn Body Fat: Associations with Maternal Metabolic State and Placental Size

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Placental weight is generally associated with placental function [21,22]. Like birth weight [23][24][25], placental weight is the end product of a chain of events that includes the growth and development of the placenta throughout gestation [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gross Placental Structure in a Low-Risk Population of Singleton, Term, First-Born Infants

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Suboptimal fetal growth has been associated with an increased risk of adult disease, which may be exacerbated by an increased placental weight-to-fetal weight ratio. Placental weight is a summary measure of placental growth and development throughout pregnancy. However, measures of placental structure, including the chorionic disk surface area and thickness and eccentricity of the umbilical cord insertion, have been shown to account for additional variance in birth weight beyond that explained by placental weight. Little is known of the variability of these placental parameters in low-risk populations; their association with maternal, pregnancy, and neonatal characteristics; and the agreement between manual and digital measures. This study used manual and digital image analysis techniques to examine gross placental anatomy in 513 low-risk, singleton, term, first-born infants. Parametric methods compared groups and examined relationships among variables. Maternal birth weight, prepregnancy weight, and body mass index were associated with increased placental and birth weight (all P < 0.005), but only maternal birth weight was associated with increased placental surface area (P < 0.0005) and thickness (P = 0.005). Smoking during pregnancy reduced birth weight and increased the eccentricity of umbilical cord insertion (P = 0.012 and 0.034, respectively). The variability in these placental parameters was consistently lower than that reported in the literature, and correlations between digital and manual measurements were reasonable (r = .87-.71). Detailed analyses of gross placental structure can provide biologically relevant information regarding placental growth and development and, potentially, their consequences.

show abstract

“…There have been several reviews of the growth and function of the placenta (5)(6)(7)(8). There have been several reviews of the growth and function of the placenta (5)(6)(7)(8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early influences on embryonic and placental growth

et al. 1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Robinson JS, Hartwich KM, Walker SK, Erwich JJHM, Owens JA. Early influences on embryonic and placental growth. Acta Paediatr 1997; Suppl 423: 159-63. Stockholm. ISSN 0803-5326Growth of the placenta is influenced by events before and during early pregnancy. Some of these events set the growth trajectory of the placenta and the fetus for the remainder of the pregnancy. Maternal size and nutrition, and the local metabolic, cytokine and hormonal environment of the embryo all affect growth of the placenta. 0 Placental growth, embryo development, maternal size, maternal nutrition, dietary intake

show abstract

Placental Function

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Newborn Body Fat: Associations with Maternal Metabolic State and Placental Size

Newborn Body Fat: Associations with Maternal Metabolic State and Placental Size

Gross Placental Structure in a Low-Risk Population of Singleton, Term, First-Born Infants

Early influences on embryonic and placental growth

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About