Place learning in virtual space III: Investigation of spatial navigation training procedures and their application to fMRI and clinical neuropsychology

Thomas, Kevin G. F.; Hsu, Ming Chieh; Laurance, Holly E.; Nadel, Lynn; Jacobs, W. Jake

doi:10.3758/bf03195344

Cited by 40 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The first category comprised target measures to serve as primary outcomes in a clinical trial. These measures assessed brain functions that would be specifically targeted by drugs under development, such as hippocampal memory (Thomas, Hsu, Laurence, Nadel, & Jacobs, 2001) or prefrontal and cerebellar functions (Davidson, Amso, Anderson, & Diamond, 2006; Korkman, Kirk, & Kemp, 1998). The second category of measures was comprised of broader, potential secondary outcomes in a trial.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arizona Cognitive Test Battery for Down Syndrome: Test-Retest Reliability and Practice Effects

Edgin

Anand

Rosser

et al. 2017

American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

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A multisite study investigated the test-retest reliability and practice effects of a battery of assessments to measure neurocognitive function in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). The study aimed to establish the appropriateness of these measures as potential endpoints for clinical trials. Neurocognitive tasks and parent report measures comprising the Arizona Cognitive Test Battery (ACTB) were administered to 54 young participants with DS (7–20 years of age) with mild to moderate levels of intellectual disability in an initial baseline evaluation and a follow-up assessment 3 months later. Although revisions to ACTB measures are indicated, results demonstrate adequate levels of reliability and resistance to practice effects for some measures. The ACTB offers viable options for repeated testing of memory, motor planning, behavioral regulation, and attention. Alternative measures of executive functioning are required.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arizona Cognitive Test Battery for Down Syndrome: Test-Retest Reliability and Practice Effects

Edgin

Anand

Rosser

et al. 2017

American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The benefit of using VR is that it provides an experimental environment in which maximum control of extraneous variables can be maintained, which is often not possible in real-world environments that contain distractions such as people, noises, and other stimuli. Furthermore, there is documented evidence for the congruence of VR testing as a measure of hippocampal-based place learning, using fMRI (Hartley, Maguire, Spiers, & Burgess, 2003;Janzen, Wagensveld, & van Turennout, 2007;Jordan, Schadow, Wuestenberg, Heinze, & Jäncke, 2004;Parslow et al, 2004;Stern et al, 1996;Thomas et al, 2001) and evidence for transfer of knowledge in some VR tasks to the real world (Foreman et al, 2000(Foreman et al, , 2005. Thus, although it is recognized that VR environments are not the same as the real world, there is substantial evidence that they are useful in measuring cognitive mapping in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working Memory, Cues, and Wayfinding in Older Women

2009

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Individuals create cognitive maps based on relationships between cues in the environment. Older individuals are often impaired in wayfinding, especially in environments that lack distinctive features. This study examines how working memory ability in older women is related to wayfinding performance in the presence of salient (distinctive, prominent) or nonsalient cues. The degree of salient cue complexity is also examined, thus leading to the hypothesis that salient, complex cues are important in wayfinding and that working memory capacity is related to wayfinding performance. The virtual computer-generated arena is used to test this hypothesis in 20 healthy older women in three different environmental cue conditions varying in salience and complexity. Data analyses indicate that older women perform best in salient cue conditions. A greater working memory capacity is related to improved performance in the nonsalient cue condition. These findings offer preliminary evidence that cue salience is especially important in wayfinding.

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“…The ability to remember and learn spatial locations was assessed using a computer-generated virtual Morris water maze task adapted from the water maze task used in animal models (Thomas, Hsu, Laurance, Nadel, & Jacobs, 2001). In the computerized version of the Morris Water Maze, the child uses a joystick to navigate in a computersimulated arena.…”

Section: Computerized Morris Water Mazementioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Cognition in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Superior, Impaired, or Just Intact?

Edgin

Pennington

2005

J Autism Dev Disord

139

116

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The profile of spatial ability is of interest across autism spectrum disorders (ASD) because of reported spatial strengths in ASD and due to the recent association of Asperger's syndrome with Nonverbal Learning Disability. Spatial functions were examined in relation to two cognitive theories in autism: the central coherence and executive function (EF) theories. Performance on spatial tasks, EFs, and global/local processing was compared in children with ASD and controls. While the ASD group had faster reaction times on the Embedded Figures task, spatial performance was intact, but not superior, on other tasks. There was no evidence for impairments in EF or in processing global/local information, therefore contradicting these two theories. The implications of these results for these two theories are discussed.

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Place learning in virtual space III: Investigation of spatial navigation training procedures and their application to fMRI and clinical neuropsychology

Cited by 40 publications

References 45 publications

The Arizona Cognitive Test Battery for Down Syndrome: Test-Retest Reliability and Practice Effects

The Arizona Cognitive Test Battery for Down Syndrome: Test-Retest Reliability and Practice Effects

Working Memory, Cues, and Wayfinding in Older Women

Spatial Cognition in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Superior, Impaired, or Just Intact?

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