PLA/PGA and its co-Polymers in Alveolar Bone Regeneration. A Systematic Review

Abstract

PARRA, M.; MOYA, M. P.; REBOLLEDO, C.; HAIDAR, Z. S.; ALISTER, J. P. & OLATE, S. PLA/PGA and its co-polymers in alveolar bone regeneration. A systematic review. Int. J. Odontostomatol., 13(3): 258-265, 2019.ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to perform a systematic review to identify the most frequent uses of PLA/ PGA in alveolar bone regeneration and their results. A study was designed to answer the question: What are the most frequent uses of PLA/PLGA and their copolymers in alveolar bone regeneration?. A systematic search was done on MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS from April 1993 to December 2017. The search string used on MEDLINE was: (((polylactic acid) OR PLA) OR PLA-based copolymers) OR PLA blends) OR PLA scaffolds)) AND ((("Bone Regeneration"[Mesh]) OR bone regeneration) OR guided bone regeneration). The search was complemented by a manual review of the references from the articles included. Most of the studies selected were weak and, regarding the most frequent uses of PLA/PGA, 13 studies used it as a resorbable membrane, two as an absorbable mesh, one as an absorbable screw and three as filling material. Based on our results, the authors consider that PLA/PGA requires a delicate relation between the mechanical resistance and the degradation process. PLA/PGA does not interrupt bone regeneration; however, the influence in cellular events related to bone regeneration and later osseointegration have not been identified.

Mechanical Characteristics of Individualized Biodegradable Augmentation Scaffold—In Vitro Pilot Study

“…According to Parra et al [ 29 ], the variability of clinical outcomes and limitations of the reviewed studies do not permit a meta-analysis of results. Consequently, there is a limit in defining the best application of PLA.…”

“…In this regard, synthetic PLA polymer Lactoprene ® 7415 was a material of choice in the presented study, due to its strictly determined mechanical properties and degradation rate. The key factor is establishing a balance between the mechanical resistance and biodegradation process [ 29 ]. Lactoprene ® 7415 exhibits a controlled strength decline in about 3 to 9 months and mass loss in about 12 to 36 months, depending on the processing, physiological environment, and anatomical location [ 37 ].…”

“…The use of the PLA scaffold in the reconstruction of alveolar ridge defects has shown promising results, but currently the number of studies and clinical cases remains scarce [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Despite its great potential in bone augmentation procedures, there is still limited evidence to draw conclusions or give guidelines usable in everyday clinical practice [ 29 ]. There is also a lack of in vitro studies defining the mechanical properties of such scaffolds under dynamic conditions.…”

High Adherence of Oral Streptococcus to Polylactic Acid Might Explain Implant Infections Associated with PLA Mesh Implantation

“…PLA has been established as a promising biomaterial due to its versatile applications in modern medicine, such as orthopedic interventions, tissue engineering, drug carriers, regenerative medicine, cancer therapy, implants, and medical equipment [3]. PLA and PLAcomposite implants are used in fracture fixation in cases of orthopedics, facial, oral, and traumatology surgery in the forms of anchors, fixing joint-pins, plates, cages, meshes [4], and as a carrier for bone morphogenetic proteins and growth factors among others [5]. PLA and PGA (polyglycolic acid) are known as the first biodegradable polymers that are utilized in biomedicine.…”

Aumento Óseo Horizontal Utilizando Técnica “Tent Pole” en Mandíbula Posterior

“…Sin embargo, el uso de biomateriales esta altamente consolidado en diferentes condiciones anatómicas, considerando algunas variables necesarias para obtener una reconstrucción adecuada. Duque Netto et al (2013), indicaron la importancia de los diferentes vehículos de instalación, Klüppel et al (2013), indicaron que el tamaño de las particular del biomaterial seria importante en la regeneración ósea y recientemente otras investigaciones han mostrado el rol del plasma rico en fibrina (Zumarán et al, 2018) o de otros materiales como los polímeros (Parra et al, 2019) aplicados en diferentes modalidades de instalación.…”