Pituitary microadenomas: diagnosis with two-and three-dimensional MR imaging at 1.5 T before and after injection of gadolinium.

Diagnosis of Cushing’s disease

“…New MR techniques improve sensitivity but increase the false positive rates [19,20]. The standard protocol involves coronal T1 spin echo sequences with thin slices (3 mm) before and after gadolinium contrast [21][22][23]. A fat-saturated T1-weighted sequence eliminates surround artifact from fat in the clivus and clinoid processes.…”

A modified protocol using half-dose gadolinium in dynamic 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging for detection of ACTH-secreting pituitary tumors

“…The sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for microadenoma detection is over 85% with conventional techniques [4][5][6]. Dynamic MRI improves the sensitivity by 5-10% [7].…”

Usefulness of the dynamic gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging with simultaneous acquisition of coronal and sagittal planes for detection of pituitary microadenomas

“…Therefore, small lesions between slices, or the lesions located at the far anterior or the far posterior aspect of the pituitary glands, might be overlooked on MR images using only the coronal direction. Stadnik et al [10] attempted a three-dimensional gradient-echo imaging technique with thin slices for the detection of pituitary microadenomas; however, susceptibility artefacts from the skull base and air-containing sphenoid sinus might be problems that occur when using the technique in routine practice. Accordingly, Gao et al [8] used the consecutive biplane dynamic images for the diagnosis.…”