Pituitary Dysfunction in Systemic Disorders

Marques, Pedro; Korbonits, Márta

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99899-4.00024-x

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The GH/IGF-I axis is known to be affected by various systemic conditions such as systemic illness, obesity, malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and liver disease ( 14 ). In a state of malnutrition, a condition known as GH resistance is induced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends of correlations between serum levels of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I in general practice

Oguni,

Yamamoto,

Nakano

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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Serum levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I are crucial in the diagnosis and management of GH-related diseases. However, these levels are affected by nutritional and metabolic status. To elucidate the correlations between GH and IGF-I in various conditions, a retrospective analysis was performed for adult patients in which GH levels were examined by general practitioners during the period from January 2019 to December 2021. Of 642 patients, 33 patients were diagnosed with acromegaly, 21 were diagnosed with GH deficiency (GHD), and 588 were diagnosed with non-GH-related diseases (NGRD). In contrast to the positive correlations found between the levels of GH and IGF-I in patients with acromegaly (R=0.50; P<0.001) and patients with GHD (R=0.39; P=0.08), a negative correlation was found in the NGRD group (R=-0.23; P<0.001). In that group, the results of multivariable analysis showed that GH levels were predominantly influenced by gender and body mass index (BMI), whereas IGF-I levels were modulated by albumin in addition to age and GH. Of note, in the NGRD group, there was an enhanced negative correlation between GH and IGF-I under conditions of BMI < 22 and albumin < 4.0 g/dL (R=-0.45; P<0.001), and the negative correlation between GH and IGF-I was reinforced by excluding patients with other pituitary diseases and patients taking oral steroids (R=-0.51; P<0.001 and R=-0.59; P<0.001, respectively). Collectively, the results indicate that attention should be given to the presence of a negative correlation between serum levels of GH and IGF-I, especially in lean and low-nutritious conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends of correlations between serum levels of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I in general practice

Oguni,

Yamamoto,

Nakano

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…In spontaneously ovulating mammals, such as naked mole-rats, the positive feedback action of ovarian oestradiol leads to the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which stimulates the pre-ovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge from the anterior pituitary. The neuropeptides, kisspeptin and RFamide-related peptide -3 (RFRP-3) are important regulators of gonadotropin release [15]. Zhou et al .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In induced ovulators, such as the Damaraland mole-rat, the mating stimulus activates kisspeptin neurons in the anterior hypothalamus, which leads to activation of GnRH neurons and, consequently, to ovulation [15,19]. Several recent studies in female Damaraland mole-rats have identified differential hypothalamic gene expression patterns of neuropeptides involved in activating GnRH neurons according to the females' reproductive status.…”

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confidence: 99%