Pituitary-adrenocortical adjustments to transport stress in horses with previous different handling and transport conditions

Fazio, Esterina; Medica, Pietro; Cravana, Cristina; Ferlazzo, A

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2016.856-861

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…CORT is susceptible to be modified by the manipulation of stressful and painful stimuli, circadian rhythm, exercise, transport, hypoglycemia and stress [26][27][28][29]. Therefore, establishing a reference interval for the basal CORT is difficult.…”

Section: Reference Values For Cortisol Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Characteristics of Cortisol in Horses

Ambrojo¹,

Corzano²,

Poggi³

2018

Corticosteroids

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Cortisol (CORT), also known as stress hormone, plays a vital role in physiological processes such as electrolyte and fluid balance, cardiovascular homeostasis, carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism, immune and inflammatory responses, and sexual development and reproduction. Cortisol levels are influenced by various physiological factors such as race, age, circadian rhythm, seasonality, exercise and pregnancy. Also, some stressful conditions including isolation or transport, among others, modify levels of this hormone in the body. Excesses or deficiencies of cortisol cause important clinical problems such as Cushing's and Addison's syndromes, which contribute substantially to morbidity in equine medicine. Thus, in this review, we will develop the mechanisms of synthesis and regulation, as well as the physiological factors involved and the most important diseases related to the alteration of cortisol secretion in horses and foals.

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Section: Reference Values For Cortisol Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Characteristics of Cortisol in Horses

Ambrojo¹,

Corzano²,

Poggi³

2018

Corticosteroids

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“…B. Transport (13,36), bei systemischen und schmerzhaften Erkrankungen (25,29,45) und bei sportlichen Leistungsanforderungen (11,21,24,35,37,45). Beim Quarter Horse im Training konnte ein linearer Zusammenhang zwischen dem Anstieg der Kortisolkonzentration…”

Section: Herz-und Atemfrequenz Sowie Innere Körpertemperatur In Relatunclassified

Klinische Parameter in der Spätträchtigkeit bei der Stute

Neuhauser¹,

Gösele²,

Handler³

2018

Tierarztl Prax Ausg G

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Zusammenfassung Gegenstand und Ziel: Im peripartalen Zeitraum der Stute kann es eine besondere Herausforderung sein, Veränderungen im Allgemeinverhalten und der Vitalparameter richtig zu interpretieren. In der Studie wurde untersucht, ob sich bei gesunden Stuten unterschiedlichen Pferdetyps in der Spätträchtigkeit und in der 1. Woche post partum (p. p.) die Herz- (HF) und Atemfrequenz (AF) sowie die innere Körpertemperatur (IKT) von den in der Literatur angegebenen Referenzwerten für adulte Pferde unterscheiden. Material und Methoden: Im Rahmen der täglichen klinischen Untersuchung erfolgte eine Auswertung der HF, AF und IKT von Stuten, die zur Geburtsüberwachung stationär eingestellt waren. Unterschiede in Bezug auf die Pferdegröße wurden ausgewertet und bei Großpferden wurde der Einfluss einer Schwergeburt und von Nachgeburtsverhalten evaluiert. Ergebnisse: In den letzten Wochen ante partum (a. p.) stieg die HF deutlich an und war p. p. in allen Gruppen deutlich niedriger als a. p. (p < 0,05). Die AF stieg bei Groß- und Kleinpferden a. p. an und sank p. p. wieder deutlich ab (p < 0,05). Die IKT veränderte sich im peripartalen Zeitraum in allen Gruppen und war p. p. deutlich höher (p < 0,05). Bei Ponys waren HF, AF und IKT immer am höchsten (p < 0,05) und bei Großpferden wurde die niedrigste AF gemessen (p < 0,05). Bezüglich der HF ergab sich zwischen Pferden mit Eutokie und Dystokie kein Unterschied (p > 0,05). Am Tag 1 p. p. war die AF bei Stuten mit Dystokie allerdings signifikant höher (p < 0,05). Unterschiede bei der IKT an den Tagen a. p. und p. p. konnten nur bei Stuten mit ungestörtem Geburtsverlauf festgestellt werden (p < 0,05), doch blieben die Werte im Referenzbereich. Bei Stuten mit Nachgeburtsverhalten zeigte sich keine Änderung der HF (p > 0,05), die IKT war aber deutlich höher am Tag 1 p. p. (p < 0,05). Schlussfolgerung: Die Vitalparameter von Stuten in der Spätträchtigkeit lassen auf eine erhebliche körperliche Leistung über einen langen Zeitraum schließen. Die Interpretation der Vitalparameter im Zusammenhang mit dem Reproduktionsstatus der Stute ist wesentlich, um Störungen des Allgemeinbefindens richtig einzuschätzen und notwendige Behandlungen gezielt durchzuführen.

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“…Transportation is associated with factors that may contribute to gastric ulceration such as physiologic stress responses (increased heart rate and serum cortisol concentrations), changes in feeding practices and water consumption, and changes in GI microbiota . Our study was conducted to determine the impact of 12 hours of transportation without food or water on gastric ulcer scores and gastric fluid (GF) pH in horses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transportation has been suggested as a risk factor for gastric ulceration 13 and a recent survey of transport-associated health problems indicated that gastrointestinal (GI) problems occur frequently in association with transportation of horses. 14 Transportation is associated with factors that may contribute to gastric ulceration such as physiologic stress responses (increased heart rate and serum cortisol concentrations), [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] changes in feeding practices and water consumption, 22,23 and changes in GI microbiota. 12,24 Our study was conducted to determine the impact of 12 hours of transportation without food or water on gastric ulcer scores and gastric fluid (GF) pH in horses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of transportation on gastric pH and gastric ulceration in mares

Padalino

Davis

Raidal

2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Transportation has been suggested as a risk factor for gastric ulceration in horses, but limited evidence supports this assumption. Animals Twenty‐six Standardbred, Thoroughbred, and Warmblood mares from a university teaching herd. Methods Twelve mares were confined for 12 hours, overnight, in reproductive stocks with indwelling nasogastric tubes (NGTs) to assess pH of gastric fluid (GF). Gastric ulceration was assessed endoscopically before and after confinement. Subsequently, 26 horses were transported for 12 hours, overnight, in 2 consignments. During transportation, GF was aspirated from indwelling NGT placed in the same 12 mares used in the confinement study, and gastric ulceration was assessed endoscopically before and after transportation in all horses. Results The median pH of GF in confined horses was 1.70‐2.49 at each sampling point, and there was no apparent effect on gastric squamous ulcer scores. The median pH of GF from the same 12 horses at corresponding sampling times during transportation was 6.82‐7.22. Transportation was associated with increased gastric squamous ulcer scores, particularly in horses fasted for gastroscopy and NGT placement immediately before departure. Gastric emptying appeared delayed after transportation in horses fed before departure. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Transportation is associated with increased gastric squamous ulceration and with increased pH of GF. These findings may be a consequence of impaired gastric emptying and reflux of alkaline small intestinal content, with factors such as duodenal bile salts and short‐chain fatty acids mediating mucosal injury.

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Pituitary-adrenocortical adjustments to transport stress in horses with previous different handling and transport conditions

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Action Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Characteristics of Cortisol in Horses

Action Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Characteristics of Cortisol in Horses

Klinische Parameter in der Spätträchtigkeit bei der Stute

Effects of transportation on gastric pH and gastric ulceration in mares

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