“…Titanium and titanium alloys have been used in corrosive environments, such as seawater and hazardous gases, due to their excellent corrosion resistance [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. However, pure titanium would suffer from corrosion when exposed to a high-temperature chloride solution and non-oxidizing acid solutions with low pH [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Titanium cathode has commonly been utilized in producing copper foil for lithium ion batteries with a form of drum, where highly concentrated sulfuric acid is used as an electrolyte, indicating that corrosion would be an issue.…”