Pitting Corrosion in AISI 304 Rolled Stainless Steel Welding at Different Deformation Levels

Carrasco, Francisco Javier Cárcel; Guillamón, Manuel Pascual; García, Lorenzo Solano; Vicente, Fidel Salas; Puig, Miguel Angel Pérez

doi:10.3390/app9163265

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The chromium content drop under the passivity limit (11.5 wt %) near the grain boundaries leads to the sensitization of this material, which becomes susceptible to intergranular corrosion in aggressive environments [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Moreover, chromium depleted zones perform the preferential path for other local corrosion attacks and for crack propagation if under tensile stress [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the relation between sensitization and the pitting corrosion susceptibility of austenitic SSs is the subject of numerous studies [ 13 , 14 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. In addition to the effect of chromium-depleted zones, the authors of [ 14 , 20 , 21 ] presented the role of MnS inclusions on the pitting corrosion initiation of sensitized austenitic SSs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corrosion Behavior of Sensitized AISI 304 Stainless Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

et al. 2022

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Corrosion resistance of sensitized austenitic stainless steel (SS) in chloride environments is currently the subject of numerous studies. Most of them are focused on neutral chloride solutions at room temperature and the experiments are carried out on ground stainless steels surfaces. This paper deals with the corrosion behavior of sensitized AISI 304 stainless steel in acid 1 M chloride solution (pH = 1.1) at the temperatures of 20 ± 3 °C and 50 °C. The specimens after sensitization are tested as covered by high-temperature surface oxides (“heat tinted”), and also after their chemical removal to assess the impact of the surface state on corrosion resistance. Potentiodynamic polarization (PP) and exposure immersion test are used as the independent corrosion tests. Microstructure before/after exposure immersion test is evaluated by optical microscopy (OM) and SEM. The results obtained showed that sensitization significantly conditions corrosion regardless of the removal of high-temperature oxides, and the elevated temperature mainly acts as its accelerating factor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Behavior of Sensitized AISI 304 Stainless Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

et al. 2022

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“…It was found that the presence of chloride affects the electronic properties of reinforced concrete structure passivation films, and the austenitic SS reinforcements have better electronic and electrochemical properties than duplex SS reinforcements. Also, SS alloy can effectively enhance the slip-resistance, hardness, and corrosion resistance of ordinary stainless steel, so as to solve the problem of steel corrosion, but it was also affected by factors such as chloride ion concentration, corrosion inhibitor, and cold work levels [9][10][11][12][13]. Based on the research above, it can be concluded that the corrosion resistance of SS reinforced concrete structure is enough to increase by an order of magnitude compared with conventional carbon steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Flexural Performance of Stainless Steel Reinforced Concrete Beams

Guo

Liu

et al. 2020

Advances in Civil Engineering

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In this paper, the flexural characteristics of stainless steel (SS) reinforced concrete beams are studied and analyzed. We mainly focus on their crack mode, failure mode, load-deflection curve, and bearing capacity. Six beams with test parameters, including the diameter of reinforcement, the type of the reinforcement, and the stirrup spacing, were tested in 4-point bending. The test results indicate that the failure mode of SS reinforced concrete beam can be divided into three stages: elastic stage, cracking stage, and failure stage. The midspan section deformation of SS reinforced concrete beam conforms to the assumption of plane section. Under the same reinforcement condition, the normal section and the oblique section bearing capacities of the SS reinforced concrete beams are significantly higher than those of the ordinary reinforced concrete beams. In addition, the prediction of cracking moment and bearing capacity calculated by ACI 318-14 and GB 50010-2010 was also evaluated. The calculation results of the two codes were safe and conservative, and GB 50010-2010 provided more accurate prediction of cracking moments. Furthermore, to verify the reliability of the test results, finite element models were established and the analytical results corroborated well with the test results.

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“…This is because in the case of localized corrosion the ORR that occurs on the cathode passive layer would promote the dissolution of metal (e. g. Fe metal becomes Fe 2 + ion). [16][17][18] In practice, additive elements such as Ti, Zr, Ni, etc., are usually added to stainless steels to improve its mechanical and other properties, however, the presence of these elements in the passive layer would also affect the ORR, but such an effect is usually overlooked. A systematic study of the alloying effects on the oxygen reduction activities on the Cr 2 O 3 surface remains unexplored in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, Cr 2 O 3 is a well‐known component of the passive layer on stainless steels that can protect the metal from corrosion, where slow kinetics for the ORR reaction are desirable. This is because in the case of localized corrosion the ORR that occurs on the cathode passive layer would promote the dissolution of metal (e. g. Fe metal becomes Fe 2+ ion) [16–18] . In practice, additive elements such as Ti, Zr, Ni, etc., are usually added to stainless steels to improve its mechanical and other properties, however, the presence of these elements in the passive layer would also affect the ORR, but such an effect is usually overlooked.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning oxygen reduction activity on chromia surface via alloying: a DFT study

Blackwood

Jin

et al. 2020

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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Economical electro-catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are highly desirable for a range of advance energy storage technologies. Chromium compounds have been suggested as one possible source of non-precious metal based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), especially chromia (Cr 2 O 3) which is the most stable form of Cr oxide at room temperature. Using density functional theory + U calculations, we investigate the 4-electron ORR on the hydroxylated Cr 2 O 3 surfaces alloyed with 17 different transition metals. On the one hand, we find that the ORR overpotential is lower when the Cr 2 O 3 surface alloyed with elements towards the end of both the first and second rows of transition metals. Among these elements, Cd alloyed Cr 2 O 3 surface is found to promote the ORR the most, but due to its high toxicity and price it loses out to Zn as the recommended alloyant. On the other hand, we find that the ORR overpotential is generally higher and less varied on the Cr 2 O 3 surface alloyed with the early-to-mid row transition metal elements (e. g. Zr, Ti). As Cr 2 O 3 is also a major component in the passive film on stainless steels, where a low ORR rate is desirable to reduce the impact of localized corrosion. This implies that alloying with early-to-mid row transition elements could be beneficial to stainless steels. The difference in oxygen reduction activity is attributed to the tendency of forming stable ORR intermediates during the oxygen reduction process.

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Pitting Corrosion in AISI 304 Rolled Stainless Steel Welding at Different Deformation Levels

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

Corrosion Behavior of Sensitized AISI 304 Stainless Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Corrosion Behavior of Sensitized AISI 304 Stainless Steel in Acid Chloride Solution

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Flexural Performance of Stainless Steel Reinforced Concrete Beams

Tuning oxygen reduction activity on chromia surface via alloying: a DFT study

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