Pistachio

Hormaza, J. I.; Wünsch, Ana

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-34533-6_12

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The genus Pistacia consists of more than 11 species, among which P. vera is the only commercially important species. The center of diversity for wild P. vera is in northern Iran and southern Turkmenistan, as well as parts of Afghanistan . Total pistachio production in the world reached about 1 057 566.00 tons in 2016, and the USA is one of the main producers with more than 406 646.00 tons, which represented approximately 38.45% of the world's pistachio production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending storage potential of de‐hulled fresh pistachios in passive‐modified atmosphere

2019

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Background The effects of passive modified‐atmosphere packaging (passive‐MAP) on the postharvest quality of de‐hulled fresh pistachios (Pistacia vera L. cv. Kerman) stored at cold temperature (0 ± 0.5 °C) and 90 ± 1% relative humidity was investigated with fruits under ambient air condition as the control treatment. The fruit quality parameters measured included kernel firmness, color values (L*, a*, b*, h°, and C*), weight loss, fungal decay and marketability, ethylene production, respiration rate, and sensory characteristics at 0, 30, 60, and 105 days of storage. The carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) concentrations in the package headspace were monitored during storage. RESULTS A modified atmosphere of 0.95–3.35% O2 and 23.17–29.82% CO2 was achieved in the passive‐MAP treatment. Fruit respiration rates increased significantly relative to controls throughout storage (P ≤ 0.01). However, storage had no significant effect on ethylene production rates. Additionally, passive‐MAP‐stored fruits maintained firmness, shell lightness, kernel color, and sensory quality with minimum weight loss and fungal decay, compared with the control. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate storage life of fresh pistachios in passive‐MAP can be extended up to 105 days, compared with 30 days in ambient conditions. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending storage potential of de‐hulled fresh pistachios in passive‐modified atmosphere

2019

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“…and P. atlantica, are native to Iran (Hormaza & Wünsch, ; Karimi, Zamani, Ebadi, & Fatahi, ). Since “Ohadi” and “Jabari” are also native to Iranian pistachio cultivars (Hormaza & Wünsch, ; Parfitt, Kafkas, Batlle, Vargas, & Kallsen, ), it is tempting to speculate that the HSVd pistachio variants reported in Tunisia originated from a number of commercial cultivars of Iranian origin spreading from Iran to the Middle East, and further to the West and Tunisia. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the infection of Iranian pistachio with HSVd is not recent, rather it may have occurred decades ago.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pistachio ( Pistacia vera L.) is a semitropical dioecious tree from the Anacardiaceae family, used as a nut tree crop; it probably originated in Iran and has been cultivated for a long time (Hormaza & Wünsch, ; Kafkas & Perl‐Treves, ). Iran has the largest pistachio plantation area in the world and is also the second producer (315,151 tons) after the United States (FAO, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and molecular characterization of hop stunt viroid variants from pistachio trees in Iran

Maddahian

Massumi

Heydarnejad

et al. 2019

Journal of Phytopathology

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Hop stunt viroid (HSVd) infects a large number of woody plants such as grapevine, citrus, plum, peach, fig, mulberry, pear, pistachio and almond. Kerman Province is the most important pistachio‐growing region in Iran. During 2015–2016, pistachio orchards were surveyed in Kerman for the detection of HSVd. A total of 106 symptomatic and asymptomatic leaf samples from pistachio trees were collected and assayed for HSVd by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and dot‐blot hybridization methods. The genomes of 11 HSVd isolates were PCR amplified, cloned, sequenced and compared with those available in GenBank. The full‐length genomes of Iranian variants range from 297 to 302 nucleotides, which are comparable to those of previously known HSVd variants. Phylogenetic analyses showed that four HSVd pistachio variants from Anar region were classified together with five Tunisian HSVd pistachio variants and formed a sub‐cluster within the HSVd‐hop isolates group, whereas two variants from Shahr‐e‐Babak region were grouped with known HSVd‐citrus variants. The other remaining five variants were clustered into the recombinant isolates group (P‐H/cit3). Phylogenetically, we discuss that the presence of HSVds in pistachio trees has a long history in Iran, and Tunisian HSVd pistachio variants probably originated from Iran. The infectivity of two HSVd pistachio variants was further verified by mechanical inoculation on some Cucurbitaceae plant species. The viroid was also transmitted to three healthy pistachio rootstocks by bud grafting. This is the first report on HSVd in pistachio trees in Iran.

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“…Pistacia vera L.-the progenitor of all commercial pistachios-is a diploid (2n = 30), xerophytic [9], subtropical [10], and woody perennial; it is a wind-pollinated and aviandispersed, deciduous, and dioecious shrubby plant [9,11]. The species lineage is estimated to date back to between 1.82 and 3.38 million years ago [12].…”

Section: Botany and Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While small-seeded species primarily appear in archaeological sites in the Mediterranean, we will not discuss them in this paper. It is worth noting that at least a few of these species have been economically significant as sources of resin, notably Pistacia atlantica Dest., Pistacia terebinthus L. (terebinth), and Pistacia lentiscus L. (mastic), and in East Asia, Pistacia chinensis Bunge., P. terebinthus, and P. atlantica have also been used during recent cultivation programs as hardy rootstocks for grafting P. vera, since P. vera scions can take to rootstocks of species across the genus [9,33,34].…”

Section: Domesticationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Domestication and Dispersal Out of Central Asia

et al. 2022

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The pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is commercially cultivated in semi-arid regions around the globe. Archaeobotanical, genetic, and linguistic data suggest that the pistachio was brought under cultivation somewhere within its wild range, spanning southern Central Asia, northern Iran, and northern Afghanistan. Historically, pistachio cultivation has primarily relied on grafting, suggesting that, as with many Eurasian tree crops, domestication resulted from genetically locking hybrids or favored individuals in place. Plant domestication and dispersal research has largely focused on weedy, highly adaptable, self-compatible annuals; in this discussion, we present a case study that involves a dioecious long-lived perennial—a domestication process that would have required a completely different traditional ecological knowledge system than that utilized for grain cultivation. We argue that the pistachio was brought under cultivation in southern Central Asia, spreading westward by at least 2000 years ago (maybe a few centuries earlier to the mountains of modern Syria) and moved eastward only at the end of the first millennium AD. The seeds remain rare in archaeological sites outside its native range, even into the mid-second millennium AD, and may not have been widely cultivated until the past few hundred years.

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Pistachio

Cited by 18 publications

References 52 publications

Extending storage potential of de‐hulled fresh pistachios in passive‐modified atmosphere

Extending storage potential of de‐hulled fresh pistachios in passive‐modified atmosphere

Biological and molecular characterization of hop stunt viroid variants from pistachio trees in Iran

Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Domestication and Dispersal Out of Central Asia

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