Piperine Triggers Apoptosis of Human Oral Squamous Carcinoma Through Cell Cycle Arrest and Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress

Abstract

Piperine is a nitrogenous pungent substance exhibiting multifunctional pharmacological properties. However, the mechanism underlying its anticancer potential is not well elucidated in human oral squamous carcinoma (KB) cell line. The anticancer potential of piperine was evaluated through potent biomarkers viz. reactive oxygen species (ROS), cellular apoptosis, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). In addition, cell cycle kinetics and caspases-3 activity were also carried out to confirm anticancer activity of piperine. Results showed that various concentrations (25-300 μM) of piperine exposure reduced the cell viability of KB cells significantly (P < 0.01). Piperine induced significant (P < 0.01) dose-related increment in ROS production and nuclear condensation. Moreover, piperine stimulated cell death by inducing loss of MMP, and caspase-3 activation. Cell cycle study revealed that piperine arrested the cells in G2/M phase and decreased the DNA content. Findings of this study suggest the efficacy of piperine in inducing cell death via the decrease in MMP and ROS liberation followed by caspase-3 activation and cell cycle arrest. Further assessment of the anticancer potency of piperine is needed for anticancer drug development.

A Comparative Antibacterial Activity of Three Common Spices Extract and their Anti-Proliferative and Apoptotic Effectiveness against Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells

“…32 The apoptosis is categorized by the characteristic morphological changes like nuclear fragmentation, shrinkage and blabbing of cells as compared with the normal healthy cells. 33 In this study, untreated MCF-7 display spindle shape and elongated appearance, whereas at various concentrations of CAE, CIE and FEE exhibits spherical shapes and detached from substratum reveal the apoptotic and anti-proliferative efficiency of these promising spices. A previous study, the cellular morphological changes in human colon carcinoma cells revealed that isorhamnetin, a quercetin metabolite induces the apoptosis depending upon doses.…”

Anti-Cancer Activity of Piperine Against Colon Carcinogenesis Via Modulation of NF-κB/Nrf-2/Keap1/HO-1 Signalling Pathways

“…Nrf-2 is also found to control several phase II detoxi cation molecules like HO-1, NADP(H), quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), glutathione S-transferase (GST), UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL) [30]. NQO1 is an important target of Nrf-2, is involved in detoxi cation process and its upregulation thwarts ampli ed IL-1β and TNF-α [26].…”

Induction of apoptosis by phytochemicals of Ajwa dates extract in human triple-negative breast cancer cells by triggering cell cycle arrest, inhibiting Akt/mTOR signaling and modulating downstream Bcl-2 family of proteins

“…The cell viability of ADPE against breast cancer cells was evaluated by MTT reduction assay following a previously published protocol [15]. MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells were seeded at a density of 1 ×…”

“…Intracellular ROS levels were estimated using DCFH-DA dye by fluorescence microscopy imaging and flow cytometry techniques as reported previously [15]. The intracellular fluorescence intensity of cells was visualized by using an inverted fluorescence microscope.…”