Piperazine compounds as drugs of abuse

Arbo, Marcelo Dutra; Bastos, Maria de Lourdes; Carmo, Helena

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.007

Cited by 149 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…They have no current recognised medicinal use, having been withdrawn as potential antidepressants due to adverse stimulant properties. 28 Benzylpiperazine, which is one of the more commonly encountered piperazines, is known to inhibit reuptake of dopamine and stimulate release of noradrenaline, resulting in an amphetamine-type response. 1-(m-trifl uoromethylphenyl) piperazine has more direct serotonergic activity, binding selectively to 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1 (5-HT1) and 2 (5-HT2).…”

Section: Piperazine Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Designer drugs’: update on the management of novel psychoactive substance misuse in the acute care setting

Smith

Robert

2014

Clinical Medicine

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The use of novel psychoactive substances ('legal highs' or 'designer drugs') is increasing worldwide. Patients misusing such substances have been reported to experience severe or prolonged side effects requiring admission to acute or critical care wards. These complications can be life threatening if misdiagnosed or mismanaged. As physicians have traditionally had less involvement with the management of such patients compared with their colleagues in emergency departments an update in the management of such patients is indicated. Here we present a summary of the management of those novel substances with the potential for serious complications based on a review of current literature.

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Section: Piperazine Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Designer drugs’: update on the management of novel psychoactive substance misuse in the acute care setting

Smith

Robert

2014

Clinical Medicine

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“…Benzylpiperazine is the most commonly encountered and is frequently sold as "Party Pills." 3 There are no previous reports of MDBP use in the medical literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Higher levels of benzylpiperazine have been associated with seizures, 6 the longest reported symptoms last up to 24 hours after ingestion. 3 Treatment after piperazine ingestion is supportive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusually Prolonged Presentation of Designer Drug Encephalopathy Responsive to Steroids

Albadareen¹,

Thornton

Heshmati

et al. 2015

Pediatrics

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The availability and use of novel psychoactive substances has risen dramatically over the last decade. The unpredictability of their toxicity constitutes a real challenge. We report a case of an adolescent who developed prolonged encephalopathy after ingesting "Hot Molly," which was found to contain the novel psychoactive substance, methylenedioxybenzylpiperazine when analyzed by high resolution mass spectrometry assay. This is the first case of human toxicity from methylenedioxybenzylpiperazine ingestion in the medical literature confirmed by body fluid analysis presenting with significant and prolonged encephalopathy. The prolonged course may be due to CYP2D6 inhibition from a combination of the methylenedioxyphenyl moiety and the patient's ultrarapid metabolizer pharmacokinetics. The response to high dose corticosteroids suggests a possible inflammatory effect that warrants further investigation.

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“…A kimutatott anyagok a következők voltak: pentedron, alfa-PVP, p-metil-4-metil-aminorex, MPA, 3-MMC, 2-MPA, mefedron. Egyetlen drog 8 esetben, metadon és benzodiazepinek 1 esetben, metamfetamin túladagolása 4 esetben került kimutatásra [2].…”

Section: Az Ifjúsági Kábítószer-használat Adataiunclassified

Az ifjúsági drogkarrier veszélyei

Fodor¹,

Sófi

2015

Orvosi Hetilap

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Lényeges, mikor találkozik először a droggal a fi atalkorú szerhasználó. A kutatások azt mutatják, hogy 70%-uk életé-nek abban az ötéves periódusában ismerkedik meg a szerekkel, amely a serdülőkorra esik. A kamasz kísérletezik, kockázatvállaló, keresi az újdonságot, érzékeny a közösségi nyomásra, ám az idegrendszere másként reagál, ha ebben a korban kerül kapcsolatba a droggal, mint később. Kritikus pontokon következhet be károsodás. Az addiktív szerek olyan változásokat idézhetnek elő az agy multiplex memóriarendszerében, amely hosszú távon képes fenntartani magát a függőséget. A szerhasználat felülvezérli, átírja a természetes jutalmazó rendszert, így tudattalanul is további drogkeresést indikál, függetlenül attól, mennyire volt kellemes a droghasználat. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(46), 1843-1846. Kulcsszavak: pszichoaktív szerek, időfüggő hatások, túladagolás, prevenció The dangers of drug career in young peopleIt is determinative, when a teenager meets drugs fi rst. Research have shown that 70% of later dependents try the drugs during the fi ve-year periods of adolescence. Youngsters are tend to try out new experinces; they are high risktakings, seek for novelties and are sensitive for the pressure of community. However, the juvenile central nervous system reacts differently if meets drugs, than it is happens in an older age. Damage could occur on critical regions of the brain. Addictive drugs may give rise changes in the multiplex system of memory, that could maintain the addiction long term. Drug use overrides and modifi es the natural rewarding system, induces further drug-seeking independently of the sensations of drug using.

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Piperazine compounds as drugs of abuse

Cited by 149 publications

References 56 publications

‘Designer drugs’: update on the management of novel psychoactive substance misuse in the acute care setting

‘Designer drugs’: update on the management of novel psychoactive substance misuse in the acute care setting

Unusually Prolonged Presentation of Designer Drug Encephalopathy Responsive to Steroids

Az ifjúsági drogkarrier veszélyei

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