Piper betle-mediated green synthesis of biocompatible gold nanoparticles

Abstract

Here, we report the novel use of the ethonolic leaf extract of Piper betle for gold nanoparticle (AuNP) synthesis. The successful formation of AuNPs was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, and different parameters such as leaf extract concentration (2%), gold salt concentration (0.5 mM), and time (18 s) were optimized. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized with different biophysical techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). TEM experiments showed that nanoparticles were of various shapes and sizes ranging from 10 to 35 nm. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed that AuNPs were functionalized with biomolecules that have primary amine group –NH2, carbonyl group, –OH groups, and other stabilizing functional groups. EDX showed the presence of the elements on the surface of the AuNPs. FT-IR and EDX together confirmed the presence of biomolecules bounded on the AuNPs. Cytotoxicity of the AuNPs was tested on HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, and they were found to be nontoxic, indicating their biocompatibility. Thus, synthesized AuNPs have potential for use in various biomedical applications.

Catalytic reduction of methylene blue and Congo red dyes using green synthesized gold nanoparticles capped by salmalia malabarica gum

“…But, these methods are harmful as they usually require the use of toxic chemicals which lead to the environmental toxicity or biological hazards. To prevent the negative impacts of the chemical reduction methods, researchers were interested to integrate ''green chemistry'' synthesis of nano materials using plant extracts, bio surfactants, etc., in aqueous medium [14]. Green synthesis of AuNPs has been reported using a variety of polysaccharides, including acacia nilotica leaf extract, xanthan gum, gellan gum, etc.…”

Mimusops elengi bark extract mediated green synthesis of gold nanoparticles and study of its catalytic activity

“…Moreover, since the plant extract itself acts as a stabilizer, it makes the method more advantageous over other synthetic methods. The extracts of Acacia nilotica leaf (Majumdar and Bag 2013), Lantana camara leaf (Dash et al 2014a), Abroma augusta Linn bark (Das et al 2014), Breynia rhamnoides (Gangula et al 2011), Saraca indica (Dash et al 2014b), Piper betle (Punuri et al 2012), green coconut shell (Paul et al 2014), etc., have been utilized for the synthesis of AuNPs. During our investigations on the utilization of triterpenoids (C30s) as renewable functional nano-entities Bag and Dash 2011;Bag and Paul 2012;Bag and Majumdar 2014), it occurred to us that the medicinally important bark extract of Mimusops elengi, rich in polyphenolic compounds, can be utilized for the synthesis AuNPs from HAuCl 4 (Baliga et al 2011;Kadam et al 2012).…”

Microwave-irradiated green synthesis of gold nanoparticles for catalytic and anti-bacterial activity

“…Hence, the above mentioned methods are non-ecofriendly in nature and have characteristic drawbacks. The replacement of harsh synthesis methods with environmentally friendly, clean, and non-toxic green synthetic methods are very much needed for the synthesis of AuNPs (Punuri et al 2012;Sadeghi 2015). Several biological systems such as fruit extract, fungi, plants and bacteria can actively reduce metal ions to form metal nanoparticles in environmentally friendly conditions.…”