PIP2 Alteration Caused by Elastic Modulus and Tropism of Electrospun Scaffolds Facilitates Altered BMSCs Proliferation and Differentiation

Abstract

engineering and stem cell therapy. [3][4][5] There is increasing evidence that biomaterial surface topography is an essential factor that selectively influences cell adhesion and, in some cases, promotes cell differentiation. [6] To date, various biomaterials with different topographies at both the micrometer and nanometer scales, such as columns, grooves, and submicron fibers, have been applied to study the influence of topography on cellular functions. [7] Electrospun submicron fibers have been extensively explored as scaffolds to manipulate cell migration owing to their unique characteristics in mimicking the hierarchical architecture of the extracellular matrix. [8] In particular, aligned electrospun submicron fibers arrays can guide and promote the directional migration of cells. [9][10][11] Therefore, submicron fibers are widely applied to influence cell behavior. [12] Studies have indicated that fibroblasts on aligned substrates align themselves parallel with their substrate and increase production of the actin and focal adhesion-related genes. [13] Studies have stained neuronal differentiation marker proteins and found that neural stem cells aligned on submicron fibers had a higher differentiation rate than cells on random submicron fibers. [14] Although traditional molecular biology approaches have clearly shown that aligned submicron fibers can promote stem cell proliferation and differentiation, the mechanistic reasons for the differences between aligned and random fibers still need to be clarified. Since compositionally, dimensionally, geometrically, and morphologically controllable nanofibrous materials can be synthesized, many nanofibrous materials have been applied in biomedicine. [15,16] However, the hierarchical architecture structure is not destined to be designed into an aligned structure, leading to incomplete cell growth, a slow differentiation rate, and excessive waste of random materials. Therefore, it is essential to clarify the difference between the aligned and random structures and to reduce this difference.Researchers have found that miRNAs are essential factors in substance cell interactions. [17] MiRNAs are a class of endogenous noncoding small RNAs that bind to the 3′ untranslated regions of their target mRNAs, [18] leading to degradation or translational repression of these mRNAs, thereby regulating various cellular functions. [19] Recent studies have shown that miRNAs play Aligned submicron fibers have played an essential role in inducing stem cell proliferation and differentiation. In this study, it is aimed to identify the differential causes of stem cell proliferation and differentiation between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on aligned-random fibers with different elastic modulus, and to change the differential levels through a regulatory mechanism mediated by B-cell lymphoma 6 protein(BCL-6) and miRNA-126-5p(miR-126-5p). The results showed that phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate alterations are found in the aligned fibers compared with the random fibers, which ...

Materials‐Mediated In Situ Physical Cues for Bone Regeneration

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 108 ] Copyright 2023, Wiley‐VCH GmbH. b) Schematic diagram of the effect of matrix elasticity on the differentiation of MSCs.…”

“…It was reported that the overexpression of BCL‐6 and/or the inhibition of miR‐126a‐5p promoted the expression of PIP5k‐PIP2 pathway and thus stimulated the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells (Figure 4a). [ 108 ] Overall, the mechanism of how stiffness regulates the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells is still not clear, and further research is needed.…”

“…a) Schematic illustration of the fabrication of aligned and random submicron fibers with different elastic modulus and influences on proliferation and differentiation. Reproduced with permission [108]. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH GmbH.…”

Customizable single-layer hydrogel robot with programmable NIR-triggered responsiveness

“…Compared to previous work, 62 this paper presents advancements in the manufacturing technology of soft robots, enabling the reversible and programmable functionality of a single-layer hydrogel robot. Besides, if combined with flexible sensing, 63 multi-physical cooperative driving, 64,65 and therapeutic capabilities, 66,67 the single-layer hydrogel robot could realize the integration of diagnosis and treatment and environmental monitoring in the biomedical field. For instance, the integration of temperature-responsive color changes could potentially enable the realization of an unconstrained environmental monitoring system and locally driven soft robot systems.…”

Regulation of Tendon Stem Cell Behavior by Designed Nanoporous Topography of Microfibers

“…The contractile force of actin stress fibers in the cytoskeleton appears to be essential in regulating cell adhesion, shape, and even differentiation. In a study by Gao et al, 30 the use of different elastic matrices regulated the differences in gene expression of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Different research groups have attempted to study the force exerted by cells on the underlying substrate.…”