Pioglitazone shift circadian rhythm of blood pressure from non‐dipper to dipper type in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Anan, Futoshi; Masaki, Takayuki; Fukunaga, Naoya; Teshima, Yasushi; Iwao, Tetsu; Kaneda, Koji; Umeno, Yoshikazu; Okada, Kenta; Wakasugi, Kazuyoshi; Yonemochi, Hidetoshi; Eshima, Nobuoki; Saikawa, Tetsunori; Yoshimatsu, Hironobu

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.2007.01854.x

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…So far, blood pressures have been measured by auscultation using devices similar to the ''ancestral'' device developed by Scipione Riva-Rocci, even in large clinical trials. However, recent evidence indicates that the office blood pressure (OBP) is significantly less reliable than measurements obtained by home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for the prediction of cardiovascular events [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Therefore, HBPM or ABPM should be performed rather than measuring OBP to obtain more objective data for blood pressure management in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Utility and feasibility of a new programmable home blood pressure monitoring device for the assessment of nighttime blood pressure

et al. 2009

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Utility and feasibility of a new programmable home blood pressure monitoring device for the assessment of nighttime blood pressure

et al. 2009

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“…Yang et al found that global deletion of PPAR γ abolished these rhythms even without affecting locomotor activity under regular light/dark conditions [43]. In addition, pioglitazone has been shown to transform BP from a nondipper to a dipper type in type 2 diabetic patients [44]. These findings strongly support an essential role of PPAR γ in maintaining circadian rhythms of BP and HR, which may partially explain the beneficial side effects of PPAR γ agonists in cardiovascular system.…”

Section: Pparγ and Circadian Clockmentioning

confidence: 98%

PPARs Integrate the Mammalian Clock and Energy Metabolism

2014

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptors that function as transcription factors regulating the expression of numerous target genes. PPARs play an essential role in various physiological and pathological processes, especially in energy metabolism. It has long been known that metabolism and circadian clocks are tightly intertwined. However, the mechanism of how they influence each other is not fully understood. Recently, all three PPAR isoforms were found to be rhythmically expressed in given mouse tissues. Among them, PPARα and PPARγ are direct regulators of core clock components, Bmal1 and Rev-erbα, and, conversely, PPARα is also a direct Bmal1 target gene. More importantly, recent studies using knockout mice revealed that all PPARs exert given functions in a circadian manner. These findings demonstrated a novel role of PPARs as regulators in correlating circadian rhythm and metabolism. In this review, we summarize advances in our understanding of PPARs in circadian regulation.

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“…Importantly, observational studies from human subjects and experimental animals have demonstrated a possible role of PPARγ in organizing the diurnal rhythm of cardiovascular function. For example, in diabetic patients whose diurnal blood-pressure rhythms were dampened, pioglitazone was found to restore their rhythms [73]. Additional evidence that PPARγ might be involved in regulating the diurnal rhythm of blood pressure has also been obtained from animal studies, which demonstrated that caloric restriction in obese mice normalized the blood-pressure rhythm and increased the expression of PPARγ in the heart and aortic tissues [74].…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Integration of metabolic and cardiovascular diurnal rhythms by circadian clock

Kohsaka

Waki

Cui³

et al. 2012

Endocr J

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Abstract. Understanding how the 24-hour blood-pressure rhythm is programmed has been one of the most challenging questions in cardiovascular research. The 24-hour blood-pressure rhythm is primarily driven by the circadian clock system, in which the master circadian pacemaker within the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus is first entrained to the light/dark cycle and then transmits synchronizing signals to the peripheral clocks common to most tissues, including the heart and blood vessels. However, the circadian system is more complex than this basic hierarchical structure, as indicated by the discovery that peripheral clocks are either influenced to some degree or fully driven by temporal changes in energy homeostasis, independent of the light entrainment pathway. Through various comparative genomic approaches and through studies exploiting mouse genetics and transgenics, we now appreciate that cardiovascular tissues possess a large number of metabolic genes whose expression cycle and reciprocally affect the transcriptional control of major circadian clock genes. These findings indicate that metabolic cycles can directly or indirectly affect the diurnal rhythm of cardiovascular function. Here, we discuss a framework for understanding how the 24-hour blood-pressure rhythm is driven by the circadian system that integrates cardiovascular and metabolic function.Key words: Circadian clock, Cardiovascular diurnal rhythm, Metabolic cycle, Blood pressure Differences in sleeping and waking blood pressure have been recognized for over a century. At the end of the nineteenth century, Leonard Hill was perhaps the first to describe reductions in blood pressure during sleep in humans [1]. However, at the time, so little attention was paid to the underlying meaning of the 24-hour blood-pressure rhythm for the maintenance of human health that it was simply not easy to assess the time course of blood-pressure levels for 24 hours or longer. It would take nearly 60 years before the clinical importance of the 24-hour blood-pressure rhythm was highlighted, stimulated in large part by the development of an instrument to determine the diurnal profile of blood pressure in humans [2][3][4]. The technical advances in monitoring temporal blood pressure levels provided opportunities to explore the correlation between end-organ damage and abnormal diurnal bloodpressure rhythms in hypertensive subjects. Growing evidence from clinical studies has suggested a striking pathophysiological link between the development of end-organ damage and the dysregulation of the diurnal rhythm of blood pressure [5][6][7]. In addition to these clinical findings, recent advances in understanding the molecular aspects of the circadian clock system, which orchestrates nearly all of the physiological rhythms in the body, including the daily blood-pressure rhythm, has begun to motivate both clinicians and basic researchers to search for the answers to fundamental and important questions, i.e., how disruption of the 24-hour bloodpressure rhythm occurs and ho...

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Pioglitazone shift circadian rhythm of blood pressure from non‐dipper to dipper type in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Cited by 37 publications

References 35 publications

Utility and feasibility of a new programmable home blood pressure monitoring device for the assessment of nighttime blood pressure

Utility and feasibility of a new programmable home blood pressure monitoring device for the assessment of nighttime blood pressure

PPARs Integrate the Mammalian Clock and Energy Metabolism

Integration of metabolic and cardiovascular diurnal rhythms by circadian clock

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