Pinocytosis by epithelium associated with lymphoid follicles in the bursa of fabricius, appendix, and Peyer's patches. An electron microscopic study

Bockman, Dale E.; Cooper, Max D.

doi:10.1002/aja.1001360406

Cited by 519 publications

(254 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Large particles and bacteria induce phagocytosis that is associated with rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton and this permits active formation of pseudopod-like structures [15,33]. Viruses and adherent particles are taken up by endocytosis, but non-adherent materials are internalized by fluid phase endocytosis [14,74,81]. We are a long way from understanding the origin, differentiation, and fate of FAE in ileal PP.…”

Section: Follicle-associated Epithelium and Other Accessory Cells Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

The sheep and cattle Peyer’s patch as a site of B-cell development

et al. 2006

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-In sheep and cattle, the ileal Peyer's patch (PP), which extends one-two meters along the terminal small intestine, is a primary lymphoid organ of B-cell development. B-cell diversity in the ileal PP is thought to develop by combinatorial mechanisms, gene conversion and/or point mutation. These species also have jejunal PP that function more like secondary lymphoid tissues concerned with mucosal immune reactions. These two types of PP differ significantly in their histology, ontogeny and the extent of lymphocyte traffic. The prenatal development of follicles in the PP begins first in the jejunum during the middle of gestation and then in the ileum during late gestation. B-cells proliferate rapidly in the ileal PP follicle; up to five percent of these cells survive while the majority dies by apoptosis, perhaps driven by the influence of environmental antigen and/ or self-antigen. The surviving cells migrate from the ileal PP and populate the peripheral B-cell compartment. By adolescence, the ileal PP has involuted but the function of jejunal PP, compatible with a role as secondary lymphoid organ, continues throughout life. In this review, we focus on the development of PP as a site of B-cell repertoire generation, positive and negative B-cell selection, and the differences between ileal PP and jejunal PP.

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Section: Follicle-associated Epithelium and Other Accessory Cells Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

The sheep and cattle Peyer’s patch as a site of B-cell development

et al. 2006

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“…These results support the hypothesis that NALT plays an important role in mucosal immunity against foreign antigens in the upper respiratory tract. In addition, the expansion of FAE surface area in the present SPF-CV rats was mainly due to an increase in number of the nonciliated microvillous cells, which are thought to be the homologues of the M cells previously described in GALT or BALT (Bienenstock et al 1973 ;Bockman & Cooper, 1973 ;Spit et al 1989). Accordingly, they possess an irregular outline of the apical membrane, which is devoid of cilia and carries microvilli.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Recently the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT), which is regarded as an equivalent of Waldeyer's rings in man, has been recognised in the upper respiratory tract of rodents as the only well-organised mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) (Spit et al 1989). The morphology of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) has been extensively described (Bienenstock et al 1973 ;Bockman & Cooper, 1973 ;Owen & Jones, Correspondence to Dr Kwang Il Jeong, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural study on the follicle‐associated epithelium of nasal‐associated lymphoid tissue in specific pathogen‐free (SPF) and conventional environment‐adapted (SPF‐CV) rats

et al. 2000

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Membranous (M) cells in follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) play an important role in the mucosal immunity through transport of a variety of foreign antigens to the underlying mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). We aimed to investigate the ultrastructure of M cells in the FAE covering nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) both in specific pathogen-free (SPF) rats and in conventional environment-adapted (SPF-CV) rats aged 8-38 wk. In NALT of both SPF and SPF-CV rats, FAE included the nonciliated microvillous cell, which appears to be an analogue of M cell previously described in other MALT. In SPF rats, M cells increased in number only slightly with age, and they maintained morphological uniformity irrespective of age. In SPF-CV rats, M cells selectively increased in number resulting in prominent expansion of FAE surface area in parallel with the duration of maintenance in a conventional environment. In addition, M cells in SPF-CV rats showed heterogeneity in their surface morphology such as the length and number of microvilli and cell surface area and outline. In addition, the FAE was stratified by various subtypes of M cells, which were characterised by several subcellular alterations including the presence of many keratin filaments, homogeneous dark bodies and extensive cytoplasmic interfoliation with wide intercellular spaces filled with amorphous proteinaceous material. These characteristics of M cells in SPF-CV rat were intimately related with a preferential influx of immunocompetent cells into the FAE, which was not seen or was very rare in SPF rats irrespective of age. The results suggest the possibility that NALT may effectively carry out the mucosal immune response against antigenic stimuli of different magnitude through the unique dynamics of M cells which seem to be influenced by the infiltration of immunocompetent cells.

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“…When various molecular and microbial materials were applied to the anal lips and transported into the bursal lumen, they were phagocytosed by FAE and transferred to the medulla (Bockman and Cooper, 1973;Schaffner et al, 1974;Schaffner and Hess, 1974;Sorvari et al, 1975;Sorvari and Sorvari, 1977;Naukkarinen and Sorvari, 1980;Ekino et al, 1985) thus inducing an antibody response (Eerola et al, 1987).…”

Section: T Is Well Established That the Bursa Of Fabriciusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The apical part of these cells contained PAS-positive secretory material (Ackerman and Knouff, 1959;Bockman and Cooper, 1973;Betti, 1989). Romano et al (1996), in ultrastructural studies, have also described an undifferentiated type cell.…”

Section: Plical Epitheliummentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of cells secreting a thymostimulin-like substance and examination of some histoenzymatic pathways in aging avian primary lymphatic organs: II. Bursa of Fabricius

Mazzone¹,

Aita²,

Gabrielli³

et al. 2009

Eur J Histochem

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The Bursa of Fabricius of 15 day, 1-, 3-, and 6 month-old adult chickens (White Leghorn strain) were studied by histological and histochemical staining, histoenzymatic reactions (LDH, SDH, α-GPDH, NAD, NADPH, Ca ++ -dependent ATP-ase, pH 8.5) and by anti-thymostimulin immunoreaction. Positive reactions for mucopolysaccharides and enzymatic activities were located in the epithelia of the follicles, i.e. in follicleassociated-epithelium (FAE), inter-follicle-epithelium (IFE) and in different epithelial compartments of cortical and medullary zones. Positive reaction for thymostimulin-like (TSlike) substance was restricted to FAE cells and weakly to the basal lamina of IFE. In 6-month-old chickens, the FAE cells disappeared; the phenomenon of bursal regression was evident, although not all the follicles were involved. In the few still normal follicles, the good reactivity to the enzymes tested suggests that residual physiological activity is still present, even if reduced. , 1621) is a primary lymphoid organ peculiar to birds. The bursa is responsible for the maturation and differentiation of B-lymphocytes to produce humoral immunological responses. The other primary lymphoid organ, the thymus, instead, is responsible for the maturation and differentiation of T-lymphocytes, leading to cellular immunological responses (Dent and Good, 1965;Schaffner et al., 1974a;Le Douarin et al., 1984).The structure of the bursa has been described both during the ontogenetic period (Jolly, 1911a(Jolly, , 1914Cordier, 1969;Edwards et al., 1975;Le Douarin et al., 1975;Le Douarin et al., 1976;Le Douarin et al., 1984;Ritter and Lebacq, 1977) and during the posthatching period up to its involution (Jolly, 1911b(Jolly, ,1914Mc Connachie and Ruth, 1973;Glick, 1974Glick, , 1983Bellamy and Mohamed, 1982;Davenport and Allen, 1985).Since the discovery that the bursa was implicated in the differentiation of B-lymphocytes for humoral immunity (Chang et al., 1955;Glick et al., 1956;Papermaster and Good, 1962;Peterson and Good, 1965), attention was focused, on the one hand, on lymphoid cell populations (Ackermann and Knouff, 1959;Ackermann, 1962;Woods and Linna, 1965;Cooper et al., 1966; Toivanen et al., 1972 a,b;Toivanen et al., 1974;Back et al., 1973;Grossi et al., 1974;Grossi et al., 1976;Glick, 1974Glick, , 1983Glick, , 1995Glick et al., 1975;Eerola et al., 1982;Brand et al., 1983;Pink et al., 1985;Lassila, 1989;Nowak et al., 1990;Motyka and Reynolds, 1991;Petrini et al., 1991;Paramithiotis and Ratcliffe, 1993, 1994 a,b, 1996Reynaud and Weill, 1993;Masteller and Thompson, 1994;Masteller et al., 1995;Paramithiotis et al., 1995;Obranovich and Boyd, 1996;Funk and Thompson, 1996) and, on the other hand, on the epithelial stroma providing the bursal microenvironment within which B-cell maturation and differentiation occurs.

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Pinocytosis by epithelium associated with lymphoid follicles in the bursa of fabricius, appendix, and Peyer's patches. An electron microscopic study

Cited by 519 publications

References 32 publications

The sheep and cattle Peyer’s patch as a site of B-cell development

The sheep and cattle Peyer’s patch as a site of B-cell development

Ultrastructural study on the follicle‐associated epithelium of nasal‐associated lymphoid tissue in specific pathogen‐free (SPF) and conventional environment‐adapted (SPF‐CV) rats

Identification of cells secreting a thymostimulin-like substance and examination of some histoenzymatic pathways in aging avian primary lymphatic organs: II. Bursa of Fabricius

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