Pinocytosis as the Cause of Sucrose Nephrosis

Abstract

Sucrose-¹⁴C was administered to rats in solutions of 12.5 and 50%. Radioactivity was found in renal cortical cells and was partly sedimentable on centrifugation of homogenates. Over a 24-hour period, there was a sharp decrease in the amount of non-sedimentable radioactivity whereas no net change in sedimentable radioactivity occurred during this period. Utilizing isopycnic density gradient centrifugation, it was found that part of the sedimentable radioactivity distributed with lysosomal acid phosphatase. These findings, in conjunction with histochemical data of others, suggest that sucrose-induced vacuolization of renal cortical cells is a reflection of the incorporation of sucrose into phagolysosomes. Since this process is most likely mediated through pinocytosis and not by osmotic changes, the term ‘osmotic nephrosis’ appears to be inappropriate when applied to describe the etiology of sucrose nephrosis.

High-Dosage Intravenous Immunoglobulin–Associated Macrovacuoles Are Associated with Chronic Tubulointerstitial Lesion Worsening in Renal Transplant Recipients

“…Electron microscopy study in patients with osmotic nephrosis and light microscopy patterns quite that were similar to our findings showed a number of lysosomes and endocytic vacuoles in proximal tubular cells (20). Sucrose and other agents implicated in osmotic nephrosis enter the tubular cells by pinocytosis, then pinocytic vacuoles fuse with lysosomes (22). Lysosomal tubular dysfunction has been described secondary to toxic agents such as cyclophosphamide (23), leading in some cases to accumulation of abnormal amounts of proteins and tubular cell swelling.…”

Pinocytosis by Human Alveolar Macrophages COMPARISON OF SMOKERS AND NONSMOKERS

“…1 AIcaof; p%_ino-hamster fibroblasts (22), and rabbit alveolar macroing those of rat phages (23). In the present studies, the uptake of su- (21), Chinese crose by human alveolar macrophages was time and energy dependent, and the sucrose found in subcellular fractions with the approximate density of acid-phosphatase-containing organelles. In addition, when cells were washed before lysis and measurement of radioactivity, the final wash was essentially free of radioactivity.…”

“…Studies with macrophages derived from the lungs of experimental animals do, in fact, reveal functional impairment of the cells by cigarette smoke or its constituents (7)(8)(9). To date, however, experiments with alveolar macrophages from human smokers have shown either no change or equivocal changes in the endocytic A preliminary report was presented at the meeting of the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, East Lansing, Michigan, August [19][20][21][22][23]1973 (1973. Pharmacologist.…”

Acute Renal Failure following Immunoglobulin Therapy

“…It is filtered at the glomerulus and excreted unchanged in the urine [12]. Historically, su crose had been used as an osmotic diuretic to treat hyper tension, cerebral edema and a variety of edematous states [8], Sucrose 'nephrosis' is a well-described phenomenon associated with vacuolar changes in the renal tubules.…”

“…Historically, su crose had been used as an osmotic diuretic to treat hyper tension, cerebral edema and a variety of edematous states [8], Sucrose 'nephrosis' is a well-described phenomenon associated with vacuolar changes in the renal tubules. The precise nature of the tubular injury is unknown; however, various mechanisms have been proposed including direct osmotic effects and/or pinocytic resorption of sucrose by tubules [12]. Extensive cell swelling ultimately leads to narrowing of tubular lumina and resistance to flow of fil trate.…”