Pink Salmon in the Great Lakes

Kwain, Wen-hwa; Lawrie, A. H.

doi:10.1577/1548-8446(1981)006<0002:psitgl>2.0.co;2

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…The mitochondrial network seen in this study is consistent with that hypothesis. An alternative hypothesis is that environmental factors influence maturation timing and the strict two year life-cycle of pink salmon, and gene flow between year-classes only occurs when environmental conditions favour changes to the two year life-cycle, as that seen in the introduction of pink salmon to the Great Lakes (7,35,36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rare exceptions to a strict two-year life-cycle of pink salmon in their native range have been reported (10)(11)(12). Outside their native range, three-year-old pink salmon have been observed in the Great Lakes following introduction (7,13). One hypothesis based on experimental rearing in heated sea water is that temperature may play a role in precocious development (i.e., one-year life-cycle) (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been suggested that low-level gene flow or recolonization of extripated year-classes by alternate year-classes could account for recent estimates of divergence, with recolonization being a favoured explanation (33). Both low-level gene flow and recolonization have been observed in introduced pink salmon in the North American Great Lakes (7,35,36), revealing that it is possible that environment and temperature (suggested in (36)) can alter the strict allochronic isolation observed in modern times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Arctic climate warming has opened previously inaccessible Arctic territory to pink salmon as well (4)(5)(6). Pink salmon have been introduced to the Great Lakes in North America (7) and drainage basins of the White Sea (reviewed in (8)), near the border of Russia and Finland. Pink salmon spend a year and a half at sea before returning to rivers to spawn at two-years of age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pink salmon genome: uncovering the genomic consequences of a strict two-year life-cycle

Christensen

Rondeau

Sakhrani

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) adults are the smallest of the five Pacific salmon native to the western Pacific Ocean. Pink salmon are also the most abundant of these species and account for a large proportion of the commercial value of the salmon fishery worldwide. A strict two-year life-history of most pink salmon generates temporally isolated populations that spawn either in even-years or odd-years. To uncover the influence of this genetic isolation, reference genome assemblies were generated for each year-class and whole genome re-sequencing data was collected from salmon of both year-classes. The salmon were sampled from six Canadian rivers and one Japanese river. At multiple centromeres we identified peaks of Fst between year-classes that were millions of base-pairs long. The largest Fst peak was also associated with a million base-pair chromosomal polymorphism found in the odd-year genome near a centromere. These Fst peaks may be the result of centromere drive or a combination or reduced recombination and genetic drift, and they could influence speciation. Other regions of the genome influenced by odd-year and even-year temporal isolation and tentatively under selection were mostly associated with genes related to immune function, organ development/maintenance, and behaviour.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pink salmon genome: uncovering the genomic consequences of a strict two-year life-cycle

Christensen

Rondeau

Sakhrani

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The genetic legacy of many species, even those having behavioural repertoires that feature strong natal homing, thus includes expansion and colonization abilities (Wood et al 2008). For example, pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), a species known for natal homing, actively colonized much of the North American Great Lakes after a single unintended release in Lake Superior in the 1960s (Kwain and Lawrie 1981). Various introduced salmonids have colonized streams around the world, from Kenya to New Zealand, in essentially new habitats (Crawford and Muir 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation or metapopulation: whence and whither the Smith Sound cod?

Rose

Nelson

Mello

2011

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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In April 1995, a spawning aggregation of “northern” Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) (10 000 t) appeared in Smith Sound, Newfoundland, growing to 26 000 t by year 2000. The origin of the founder year classes (primarily the 1990 and 1992 year classes) and potential for expansion remains controversial, with genetic isolation used to justify reopenings of coastal fisheries. We investigated the origin using historical, demographic, and genetic data. History provided no evidence of large aggregations before 1995. Demographics in the early 1990s suggested few spawners in Smith Sound, but many in the adjacent Bonavista Corridor. The strong 1990 year class was not evident until 1995 and the strong 1992 year class until 1997 (both age 5 and first maturity). Genetic study of six microsatellite loci from 791 cod from overwintering aggregations in Smith Sound and offshore regions indicated little to no differentiation (FST) among southern groups (Smith Sound, Bonavista Corridor, Halibut Channel). These results provide a perspective that these groups comprise a metapopulation and that the Smith Sound aggregation arose not from self-recruitment but immigration. By 2009, the aggregation had dispersed, with large concurrent increases in the Bonavista Corridor.

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