Pine Wilt Disease in Northeast and Northwest China: A Comprehensive Risk Review

Xu, Qinwang; Zhang, Xuejiao; Li, Jiaxing; Ren, Jiaru; Ren, Lili; Luo, Youqing

doi:10.3390/f14020174

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Pine wilt disease (PWD) is caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the pine wood nematode (PWN) [29,30]. It has caused serious forest issues primarily in East Asia [31] since the 1970s, with serious outbreaks in China, Korea and Taiwan [32][33][34]. Across Japan, except for certain areas of Hokkaido, it became a nationwide outbreak [31].…”

Section: The Historical Landscape and Forest Dynamics In Kyoto Citymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Transition of Forest Cover and Its Cultural Values in Shrine/Temple Forests in the Mountainous and Foothill Areas of Kyoto City: A Study Based on Topographic Maps and Aerial Photos

Funahashi,

Shibata

2023

Land

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There is growing interest in the diverse roles of forests in addressing climate change and biodiversity goals. Recent studies have indicated a disregard for the cultural values of forests that have been formed in close association with human activities. This may potentially lead to the loss of cultural characteristics, traditional forest knowledge, and biodiversity. This study explores historical forest dynamics and their unique cultural values from the end of the 19th century in 15 shrine/temple forests located in the mountainous and foothill areas of Kyoto city. Using geographical information systems (GIS) based on topographic maps and aerial photographs, this study investigates the forest composition in the 1890s, 1980s, and from 2010. The results indicate that approximately half of the targeted shrine/temple forests were composed of low Pinus densiflora forests and coppice forests in the 1890s. Between the 1890s and 1910s, coniferous forests were planted in these areas with the intention of land conservation and timber production. This distinctive forest cover became a typical characteristic for shrine/temple forests until the 1980s. However, from the 1980s, a decrease in the cultural value of shrine/temple forests was observed due to the lack of human activities in these forests. As a result, the distinction between shrine/temple forests and the surrounding forests has become blurred. This could potentially cause the homogenization of cultural characteristics. This study aims to inform readers of the cultural value associated with the historical landscape and biodiversity found in shrine/temple forests.

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Section: The Historical Landscape and Forest Dynamics In Kyoto Citymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Transition of Forest Cover and Its Cultural Values in Shrine/Temple Forests in the Mountainous and Foothill Areas of Kyoto City: A Study Based on Topographic Maps and Aerial Photos

Funahashi,

Shibata

2023

Land

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“…Pine wilt disease (PWD) is an epidemic caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus [1]. This disease occurs when large numbers of B. xylophilus multiply and parasitize black pine trees, and it spreads to surrounding trees through Monochamus salternatus and other insects [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Clearing Diseased Wood on the Soil’s Physicochemical Properties in Black Pine Forests

Wu,

Tu,

Wang

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Clearing diseased wood is a common measure used to reduce the continued spread of pine wilt disease and prevent infecting other pines. However, the impact of clearing diseased wood on the physicochemical properties of the soil is still unclear. To elucidate this matter, we conducted a series of soil experiments and observations in Changdao, mainly focused on uncut black pine, cut black pine, and the inter-forest zone. The results showed the following. (1) The soil beneath the forest underwent a transition towards the characteristics of forest and grassland after clearing diseased wood, which indicated a potential shift in the ecosystem’s structure and function. (2) Clearing diseased wood led to an increase in the soil pH of 0.15, indicating that it facilitated the recovery of acidic soil. (3) The clearing of diseased wood can coarsen the soil’s texture. Moreover, it effectively reduced the surface soil temperature (0–20 cm) in summer by 1.52 °C, as well as significantly decreasing the surface (0–20 cm) soil moisture in spring and summer by 1.3% and 2.43%, respectively. (4) Clearing diseased wood clearing can effectively modify the content of essential nutrients in the soil. It reduced the available nitrogen by 26.86 mg·kg−1, increased the available phosphorus by 0.57 mg·kg−1, and decreased the available potassium by 1.68 mg·kg−1. Meanwhile, clearing diseased wood exacerbated soil salinization and increased the soil’s salt content by 0.70 g·kg−1. The findings of this study provide scientific solutions for the sustainable ecological development of black pine forests in Changdao.

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Occurrence and potential diffusion of pine wilt disease mediated by insect vectors in China under climate change

Gao,

Liu,

Fan

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDPine wilt disease (PWD), a major international quarantined forest pest, causes serious ecological and economic damage to Pinus species in Asia and Europe. In China, PWD has spread northeasterly and northwesterly beyond its original northern limits. Consequently, an evaluation of the insect vector‐mediated occurrence and potential diffusion of PWD is needed to identify important transmission routes and control the spread of disease.RESULTSAn optimized MaxEnt model was used to assess the current and future geographical distribution of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and its insect vectors in China. The predicted suitable area for B. xylophilus colonization is currently 212.32 × 104 km2 and mainly concentrated in Central, East, Southwest and South China, although is anticipated to include the northwestern regions of China in the future. As for the insect vectors, Monochamus alternatus and M. saltuarius are expected to spread toward the northwest and southwest, respectively. The maximum predicted dispersion area of PWD mediated by M. alternatus, M. saltuarius and both species was 91.85 × 104, 218.76 × 104 and 29.99 × 104 km2, respectively, with potential diffusion areas being anticipated to increase in the future. Both the suitable probabilities and areas of B. xylophilus and its insect vectors were found to vary substantially along the latitudinal gradient, with the latitudinal range of these species being predicted to expand in the future.CONCLUSIONThis is the first study to investigate the potential diffusion areas of PWD mediated by insect vectors in China, and our finding will provide a vital theoretical reference and empirical basis for developing more effective management strategies for the control of PWD in China. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Pine Wilt Disease in Northeast and Northwest China: A Comprehensive Risk Review

Cited by 13 publications

References 56 publications

The Transition of Forest Cover and Its Cultural Values in Shrine/Temple Forests in the Mountainous and Foothill Areas of Kyoto City: A Study Based on Topographic Maps and Aerial Photos

The Transition of Forest Cover and Its Cultural Values in Shrine/Temple Forests in the Mountainous and Foothill Areas of Kyoto City: A Study Based on Topographic Maps and Aerial Photos

The Effect of Clearing Diseased Wood on the Soil’s Physicochemical Properties in Black Pine Forests

Occurrence and potential diffusion of pine wilt disease mediated by insect vectors in China under climate change

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