Pinch strength is associated with the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in patients with cardiovascular disease

Abstract

The numbers of elderly patients with heart disease and with dementia in Japan are increasing and are becoming public health problems [1][2][3]. Moreover, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is strongly associated with cognitive dysfunction [4], and cognitive dysfunc-tion in patients with heart disease is associated with increased short-and mid-term progression to death and hospital readmission [5,6] and with functional disability [7].Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is thought to be a transitional state between the normal decline in cognitive function that occurs with aging and dementia [8], and early intervention is necessary to prevent dementia from the time of MCI onset or before because 5-10 % of healthy elderly people with MCI will develop dementia [9].In the daily clinical setting, we have observed that in Japanese heart disease patients with cognitive dysfunction, brush pressure is low when writing Japanese calligraphy with a brush on a piece of paper. Previous studies reported that finger dexterity can reflect a

Effect of the complex physical therapy on the upper extremity function, functional independence and cognition in post-stroke patients

“…There is evidence that handgrip weakness and asymmetry are associated with CI [6,25] and hand motor dysfunction may be considered a probable predictor of further cognitive decline in the cardiovascular patients' population [7]. In our study the most significant correlations were observed between the baseline arm motor functioning and cognitive scales which include examination of the executive functions (TMT A and B, FAB, MoCA).…”

“…Gait speed and grip strength may be risk factors of cognitive decline in elderly patients [5]. Manual dexterity and fine motor skills are considered one of the most important predictors influencing the further CI in patients with cardiovascular diseases [6,7]. Probably these interactions are associated with the major role of the frontal lobe in cognition, especially executive functions, and motor control [8], so fine motor skills and manual dexterity improvement may also be beneficial for cognition.…”

Gait speed, life-space mobility and mild cognitive impairment in patients with coronary artery disease

“…We examined the data of 2132 consecutive patients with CAD who were treated at the Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama from May 2018 to December 2019, including those with acute myocardial infarction, stable and unstable angina, and acute coronary syndrome. We included patients who received rehabilitation and were hospitalized for more than 2 days, except those hospitalized for only one night and two days, to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) [11]. We excluded patients who did not give informed consent, underwent coronary artery bypass surgery, had mental disease, experienced a cerebral vascular accident, could not walk without total assistance, had probable dementia as shown by a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score < 24 [12,13], died in hospital, and had missing data [11].…”

“…Baseline characteristics evaluated included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), educational background (categorized as > 13 years of schooling), living alone, diagnosis, number of significant coronary artery stenoses (≥ 75%; especially left main trunk stenosis ≥ 50%), treatments, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) as calculated with the modified Simpson method for cardiac echocardiography, maximum serum levels of creatine kinase-myocardial band, hemoglobin, albumin, and HbA1c, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), comorbidities, and medications. The laboratory and echocardiographic data obtained just prior to patient discharge were evaluated from the patients' medical records [11].…”

“…We used the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J) [14] and the MMSE [12,13] to evaluate cognitive function in the patients [11]. The MoCA-J is used to evaluate multiple cognitive domains, such as visuospatial/executive, naming, memory, attention, language, abstraction, delayed recall, and orientation [14].…”