Piloting systems reset path integration systems during position estimation.

Zhang, Lei; Mou, Weimin

doi:10.1037/xlm0000324

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In an environment with stable visual landmarks for piloting, the path integrator actually shuts down, so the navigator is completely disoriented if landmarks unexpectedly vanish (Zhao and Warren, 2015a). Moreover, familiar visual landmarks act to reset the path integrator (both orientation and position) in humans (Mou and Zhang, 2014;Zhang and Mou, 2017;Zhao and Warren, 2015b) as in animals (Etienne et al, 2004;Knierim et al, 1998). Such a system is well suited for making local, piecewise measurements of rough travel distances and turn angles and registering them in a cognitive graph.…”

Section: Building a Cognitive Graphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Euclidean navigation

Warren

2019

Journal of Experimental Biology

100

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A basic set of navigation strategies supports navigational tasks ranging from homing to novel detours and shortcuts. To perform these last two tasks, it is generally thought that humans, mammals and perhaps some insects possess Euclidean cognitive maps, constructed on the basis of input from the path integration system. In this article, I review the rationale and behavioral evidence for this metric cognitive map hypothesis, and find it unpersuasive: in practice, there is little evidence for truly novel shortcuts in animals, and human performance is highly unreliable and biased by environmental features. I develop the alternative hypothesis that spatial knowledge is better characterized as a labeled graph: a network of paths between places augmented with local metric information. What distinguishes such a cognitive graph from a metric cognitive map is that this local information is not embedded in a global coordinate system, so spatial knowledge is often geometrically inconsistent. Human path integration appears to be better suited to piecewise measurements of path lengths and turn angles than to building a consistent map. In a series of experiments in immersive virtual reality, we tested human navigation in non-Euclidean environments and found that shortcuts manifest large violations of the metric postulates. The results are contrary to the Euclidean map hypothesis and support the cognitive graph hypothesis. Apparently Euclidean behavior, such as taking novel detours and approximate shortcuts, can be explained by the adaptive use of non-Euclidean strategies.

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Section: Building a Cognitive Graphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Euclidean navigation

Warren

2019

Journal of Experimental Biology

100

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“…The second use of piloting is in conjunction with path integration. In some cases, piloting is used to reset estimates of self-location when path integration accrues a sufficient amount of noise [41]. In other cases, piloting cues are combined with path integration in a statistically optimal way, whereby estimates of self-location based on piloting and path integration are weighted based on their reliability [9,30,35].…”

Section: Pilotingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teleporting through virtual environments: Effects of path scale and environment scale on spatial updating

Kelly

Ostrander

Lim

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Visual. Comput. Graphics

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Virtual reality systems typically allow users to physically walk and turn, but virtual environments (VEs) often exceed the available walking space. Teleporting has become a common user interface, whereby the user aims a laser pointer to indicate the desired location, and sometimes orientation, in the VE before being transported without self-motion cues. This study evaluated the influence of rotational self-motion cues on spatial updating performance when teleporting, and whether the importance of rotational cues varies across movement scale and environment scale. Participants performed a triangle completion task by teleporting along two outbound path legs before pointing to the unmarked path origin. Rotational selfmotion reduced overall errors across all levels of movement scale and environment scale, though it also introduced a slight bias toward under-rotation. The importance of rotational self-motion was exaggerated when navigating large triangles and when the surrounding environment was large. Navigating a large triangle within a small VE brought participants closer to surrounding landmarks and boundaries, which led to greater reliance on piloting (landmark-based navigation) and therefore reduced-but did not eliminatethe impact of rotational self-motion cues. These results indicate that rotational self-motion cues are important when teleporting, and that navigation can be improved by enabling piloting.

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“…Conversely, in a similar experiment by Zhao and Warren [24], participants primarily used visual allothetic information, often ignoring body-based idiothetic cues even when the mismatch was as large as 90 • , consistent with a cue competition strategy. Similar discrepancies exist across the literature, with some studies supporting cue combination (and even optimal Bayesian cue combination) [23][24][25][26][27], and others more consistent with cue competition [24,[28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Combination and competition between path integration and landmark navigation in the estimation of heading direction

Harootonian

Ekstrom

Wilson

2021

Preprint

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Successful navigation requires the ability to compute one’s location and heading from incoming multisensory information. Previous work has shown that this multisensory input comes in two forms: body-based idiothetic cues, from one’s own rotations and translations, and visual allothetic cues, from the environment (usually visual landmarks). However, exactly how these two streams of information are integrated is unclear, with some models suggesting the body-based idiothetic and visual allothetic cues are combined, while others suggest they compete. In this paper we investigated the integration of bodybased idiothetic and visual allothetic cues in the computation of heading using virtual reality. In our experiment, participants performed a series of body turns of up to 360 degrees in the dark with only a brief flash (300ms) of visual feedback en route. Because the environment was virtual, we had full control over the visual feedback and were able to vary the offset between this feedback and the true heading angle. By measuring the effect of the feedback offset on the angle participants turned, we were able to determine the extent to which they incorporated visual feedback as a function of the offset error. By further modeling this behavior we were able to quantify the computations people used. While there were considerable individual differences in performance on our task, with some participants mostly ignoring the visual feedback and others relying on it almost entirely, our modeling results suggest that almost all participants used the same strategy in which idiothetic and allothetic cues are combined when the mismatch between them is small, but compete when the mismatch is large. These findings suggest that participants update their estimate of heading using a hybrid strategy that mixes the combination and competition of cues.

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Piloting systems reset path integration systems during position estimation.

Cited by 29 publications

References 47 publications

Non-Euclidean navigation

Non-Euclidean navigation

Teleporting through virtual environments: Effects of path scale and environment scale on spatial updating

Combination and competition between path integration and landmark navigation in the estimation of heading direction

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