Pilot testing of a bioremediation system for water and soils contaminated with heavy metals: vegetable depuration module

Scale-up of Mycorrhizal-Assisted Phytoremediation System from Technology Readiness Level 6 (Relevant Environment) to 7 (Operational Environment): Cost-benefits within a Circular Economy Context

“…In previous reports, we observed an increase in translocation for Mn, Fe, As, Zn, Ti, Cr, Cu, Rb, Sr., Al, Ba, K, and Ca when the MAP system based on the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis established between the sunflower Helianthus annuus and the AM fungal species Rhizophagus intraradices (GA5 strain, https://bgiv.com.ar/strains/ Rhizophagus-intraradices/ga5). The MAP system was applied for the recovery of critical and secondary raw material in sunflower plant biomass, and bioremediation of contaminated mining substrate [34,35].…”

“…Moreover, the operational costs remain the same as for phytoextraction alone. The implementation of phytoremediation as an effective methodology that guarantees the recovery of elements of interest and the rehabilitation of the soil must contemplate, in the long term, a period greater than 4 months for continuous monitoring, to ensure not having negative impacts due to external and internal variables (e.g., climatic variables, man, animals, changes in pH, Eh) that may affect the efficiency of the process [34,36,47].…”

“…In the study by Scotti et al [34], a constructed wetland system called vegetable depuration module (VDM) is proposed as a calibrator of variables in MAP tests (Figure 2A). The use of VDM allows to determining the balance mass and the metal(loid) partition between soil, fungal structures, mycorrhizal roots, and aboveground plant tissues.…”

Mycorrhizal stress alleviation in Senecio bonariensis Hook & Arn growing in urban polluted soils

“…There are many plant families reported as tolerant to PTEs; these plants are capable of growing in contaminated soils and accumulating these elements in their tissues (Peer et al, 2005). Asteraceae, a mycotrophic family, is often reported for bio-removal of a wide range of pollutants in urban areas (Nikolić & Stevović, 2015;Scotti et al, 2019 (Benavidez et al, 2017). The aim of this work was to evaluate the tolerance and stress response of S. bonariensis plants when transplanting and exposing them to highly polluted environmental conditions on the Matanza-Riachuelo river basin by assessing growth and antioxidant responses.…”

“…There are many plant families reported as tolerant to PTEs; these plants are capable of growing in contaminated soils and accumulating these elements in their tissues (Peer et al., 2005). Asteraceae, a mycotrophic family, is often reported for bio‐removal of a wide range of pollutants in urban areas (Nikolić & Stevović, 2015; Scotti et al., 2019). Senecio bonariensis Hook & Arn belongs to this botanical family and is a rhizomatous perennial herb that reaches a height of 2 m. This plant species is frequently found in the margins of wetlands in periodically flooded soils, develops conspicuous flowers with ornamental value, and reproduces asexually and by seeds.…”