Pilot study of dogs with suppurative and non-suppurative Malassezia otitis: A case series

Rodrigues, Tania C. Nunes; Vandenabeele, Sophie

doi:10.1186/s12917-021-03066-7

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The pinnae, especially near the orifice of the ear canal, are often also affected [ 2 , 141 , 252 , 300 ]. In a recent canine study, a painful, erosive to ulcerative form of otitis externa with a watery brown to black discharge caused by Malassezia species was described [ 301 ]. In contrast, otomycosis due to Malassezia spp.…”

Section: Superficial Malassezia -Associated Diseas...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Malassezia: Zoonotic Implications, Parallels and Differences in Colonization and Disease in Humans and Animals

Hobi

Cafarchia

Romano

et al. 2022

JoF

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Malassezia spp. are commensals of the skin, oral/sinonasal cavity, lower respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Eighteen species have been recovered from humans, other mammals and birds. They can also be isolated from diverse environments, suggesting an evolutionary trajectory of adaption from an ecological niche in plants and soil to the mucocutaneous ecosystem of warm-blooded vertebrates. In humans, dogs and cats, Malassezia-associated dermatological conditions share some commonalities. Otomycosis is common in companion animals but is rare in humans. Systemic infections, which are increasingly reported in humans, have yet to be recognized in animals. Malassezia species have also been identified as pathogenetic contributors to some chronic human diseases. While Malassezia species are host-adapted, some species are zoophilic and can cause fungemia, with outbreaks in neonatal intensive care wards associated with temporary colonization of healthcare worker’s hands from contact with their pets. Although standardization is lacking, susceptibility testing is usually performed using a modified broth microdilution method. Antifungal susceptibility can vary depending on Malassezia species, body location, infection type, disease duration, presence of co-morbidities and immunosuppression. Antifungal resistance mechanisms include biofilm formation, mutations or overexpression of ERG11, overexpression of efflux pumps and gene rearrangements or overexpression in chromosome 4.

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Section: Superficial Malassezia -Associated Diseas...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Malassezia: Zoonotic Implications, Parallels and Differences in Colonization and Disease in Humans and Animals

Hobi

Cafarchia

Romano

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…Malassezia otitis can present as overgrowth or include inflammatory cells in concurrent exudative bacterial otitis. Excessive growth of Malassezia can lead to inflammatory cell infiltration around the dermal blood vessels leading to inflammation [ 14 ]. When inflammation occurs in the ear canal, the free fatty acids on the surface of the ear canal decrease, and the triglyceride concentration increases, creating conducive conditions for Malassezia reproduction [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of canine ear diseases in Northwest China: Analysis of data on 221 dogs from 2012 to 2016

Li,

et al. 2023

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Ear disease is relatively important in veterinary medicine as it significantly affects the quality of life of pets. Two hundred and twenty-one cases of canine ear diseases were collected and collated at the Xi'an Teaching Hospital of Northwest A&F University from 2012 to 2016. An epidemiological analysis was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and causes of various ear diseases in various breeds of dogs in Xi'an. Materials and Methods: Data were collected and statistically analyzed by reviewing previous cases and obtaining medical history data and laboratory results. This study included the following experiments: systematic examination of the animals' skin, auricular skin scraping test, ear canal endoscopy, and examination of ear canal secretion. Results: The top three dog breeds most commonly afflicted with ear diseases in Xi'an were Toy poodles , Cocker Spaniels, and Golden Retrievers, accounting for 18.5%, 10.4%, and 9.5% of the total cases, respectively. The prevalence was the highest in August and September, with male dogs having a higher prevalence rate than female dogs. Common ear diseases were categorized as otitis externa, otitis media, otitis interna, or ear hematoma. Conclusion: This study determined the prevalence of external otitis, ear hematoma, otitis media, and inner otitis in dogs in the Xi'an area. These results can help expand the current understanding of the development and epidemiology of canine ear diseases and provide a reference for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Keywords: dog, epidemiology, otitis externa, Northwest of China.

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“…Malassezia yeasts are rare in suppurative otitis 5 but show a distinct phenotype that may be associated with IgE-associated Malassezia hypersensitivity and immune-mediated ear canal inflammation (including interface dermatitis). Non-infected suppurative otitis is less common but can be seen with irritant reactions to topical treatments or immunemediated diseases that affect the ear canal 6 .…”

Section: Most Cases Of Otitis Fall Into One Of Two Distinct Clinical ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing recurrent otitis externa in dogs: what have we learned and what can we do better?

Nuttall

2023

javma

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Recurrent otitis externa is a common problem in dogs. Topical treatment for each flare is successful in the short term, but repeated cycles of inflammation and infection lead to chronic inflammatory changes, pain and aversion, and antimicrobial resistance. These make the flares more frequent and harder to control. Eventually, the changes become irreversible and require a total ear canal ablation/lateral bulla osteotomy or ablative laser surgery. Most ear canal surgery is avoidable if recurrent otitis is properly managed at an earlier stage. This requires a different mindset and approach to these cases, taking advantage of recent research and clinical findings. Most importantly, clinicians must appreciate that all recurrent ear infections in dogs are secondary. To achieve a good long-term outcome, it is essential that all the underlying factors in each case are diagnosed and managed using the primary, secondary, predisposing, and perpetuating framework. This means that the primary condition must be diagnosed and managed, the secondary infection treated, predisposing risks identified and corrected, and the perpetuating factors reversed. Treatment is in 2 phases: induction to get the ears in remission and then long-term maintenance therapy to prevent relapses. Treatment should be appropriate to each dog but will typically involve ear cleaning, topical antimicrobial therapy, and topical or systemic glucocorticoids. Novel treatments for infection and inflammation will offer additional options in the future. Understanding the triggers for recurrent otitis in dogs will help clinicians plan effective management regimens that will make a huge difference to the quality of life of their patients and their owners.

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Pilot study of dogs with suppurative and non-suppurative Malassezia otitis: A case series

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Malassezia: Zoonotic Implications, Parallels and Differences in Colonization and Disease in Humans and Animals

Malassezia: Zoonotic Implications, Parallels and Differences in Colonization and Disease in Humans and Animals

The epidemiology of canine ear diseases in Northwest China: Analysis of data on 221 dogs from 2012 to 2016

Managing recurrent otitis externa in dogs: what have we learned and what can we do better?

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