Pilot size process visualization: Gravity fluid displacement method to stop annular gas migration

Demirci, Efecan; Wojtanowicz, Andrew K.

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2015.12.051

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The slurry has outstanding rheology and stability properties, and it ensures that the engineered cementitious composites gain good functional performance and stability, including fluidity, anti-segregation, thixotropy, and thixotropy loss, and more [33,34,35].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers on the Mechanical Behavior of Engineered Cementitious Composites

et al. 2018

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Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber was proposed to enhance the mechanical performance of engineered cementitious composite in this research. A mixture of engineered cementitious composite with better expected performance was made by adding 2% PVA fiber. Mechanics tests, including pressure resistance, fracture resistance, and ultimate tensile strength, were conducted. They reveal that the engineered cementitious composites not only exhibit good pressure resistance, but they also exhibit excellent fracture resistance and strain capability against tensile stress through mechanics tests, including pressure resistance, fracture resistance, and ultimate tensile resistance. To further improve the engineered composites’ ductility, attempts to modify the performance of the PVA fiber surface have been made by using a vinyl acetate (VAE) emulsion, a butadiene–styrene emulsion, and boric anhydride. Results indicated that the VAE emulsion achieved the best performance improvement. Its use in fiber pre-processing enables the formation of a layer of film with weak acidity, which restrains the hydration of adjacent gel materials, and reduces the strength of transitional areas of the fiber/composite interface, which restricts fiber slippage and pulls out as a result of its growth in age, and reduces hydration levels. Research illustrates that the performance-improvement processing that is studied not only improves the strain of the engineered cementitious composites, but can also reduce the attenuation of the strain against tensile stress.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers on the Mechanical Behavior of Engineered Cementitious Composites

et al. 2018

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“…The miscibility effect in SCP buoyant kill process was further demonstrated in the visualization study using a parallel-plate "slot" physical model and showing rapid mixing of the water-based KF with AF fluids at the very top of the fluid column (Demirci and Wojtanowicz, 2016a). In contrast, hydrophobic heavy KFs were successfully able to settle to the bottom in the column of the (hydrophilic) clay-water suspensions simulating water-base annular fluid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…However, they could not show the effect of gas migration during the KF settling process. Moreover, small size (three-foot high) of the physical model did not replicate the steady-state process of downward settling (Demirci and Wojtanowicz, 2016a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Design and field-scale demonstration of the buoyant-kill process for restoring integrity of wells with sustained casing pressure

Demirci,

Wojtanowicz

2023

Front. Energy Res.

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Sustained Casing Pressure (SCP) is the persistent casinghead pressure resulting from the well’s annular integrity loss and migration of gas above the leaking cement sheath. Downhole—intervention methods for SCP removal employ workover rigs to access and plug off the leaking annulus at depth from within the well. The inexpensive rig-less method of Buoyant Kill involves surface injection of immiscible heavy fluid at the casinghead into the well’s annulus to replace the annular fluid column above the gas-leaking cement and stop gas migration. Laboratory and pilot-size testing have shown feasibility of the method. Presented here, is a field-scale demonstration experiment conducted in a pressurized 2750-foot well with water displaced by an immiscible brominated organic fluid over 20-h long operation. Discussed is experimental design supported by fluid selection study, benchtop and pilot tests, and fluid transport model. Also analyzed is the process performance and operational problems. The results confirm feasibility of the Buoyant Kill technique for SCP removal. The overall change of the wellhead and downhole pressures follows the expected patterns indicating partial removal of the simulated SCP. The removal is incomplete due to pumping pressure pulses and wellhead pressure variations resulting in some emulsification of the two fluids and partial loss of the injection fluid into the overflow. The results show that wellhead pressure control and injection pump operation are critical for successful SCP removal using the Buoyant Kill technique.

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“…Mainguy et al [19] explained the annular pressure in A annulus by field data and engineering logging. Demirci et al [20] proposed stopping annular gas migration by gravity fluid to mitigate annular pressure. Rocha-Valadez et al [21] used annular pressure to determine the integrity of gas lift valves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Multiple Annular Pressure in Gas Storage Well and High-Pressure Gas Well

Cao¹,

Sun²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Energy Engineering

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In gas storage or high-pressure gas wells, annular pressure is an unavoidable threat to safe, long-term resource production. The more complex situation, however, is multiple annular pressure, which means annular pressure happens in not only one annulus but two or more. Such a situation brings serious challenges to the identification of well integrity. However, few researches analyze the phenomenon of multiple annular pressure. Therefore, this paper studies the mechanism of multi-annular pressure to provide a foundation for its prevention and diagnosis. Firstly, the multi-annular pressure is classified according to the mechanism and field data. Then the failure mechanism and function of the wellbore safety barriers in the process of passage formation are analyzed. Finally, some suggestions are put forward for identifying and controlling multi-annular pressure. The results show that gas storage wells and high-pressure gas wells have the conditions to generate pressure channels, which leads to the expansion of annular pressure from a single annulus to multiple annuli. The pressure channel is composed of the tubing string, casing string, and a cement mantle, and the failures among the three have causal and hierarchical relationships. According to the channel direction, it can be divided into two types: tubing-casing annulus to casing annulus and casing annulus to the tubing-casing annulus, of which the former is more harmful. Some measures can be considered to prevent pressure channeling, including improvement of cementing quality, revision of maximum allowable annular pressure, and suitable frequency of pressure relief. KEYWORDSMultiple-annular pressure; pressure channel; generation mechanism; identification and control Nomenclature ACross section area of cement mantle, cm 2 H l Height of gas column, m; V gan is the volume of gas column, m 3 K e Comprehensive permeability of cement, μm 2 L Length of cement mantle, cm; p e is gas reservoir pressure, MPa K T Isothermal compressibility of annular liquid, MPa −1 Rs Gas solubility of annular liquid, m 3 /m 3 T a Gas temperature under standard conditions, K

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Pilot size process visualization: Gravity fluid displacement method to stop annular gas migration

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers on the Mechanical Behavior of Engineered Cementitious Composites

Effect of Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers on the Mechanical Behavior of Engineered Cementitious Composites

Design and field-scale demonstration of the buoyant-kill process for restoring integrity of wells with sustained casing pressure

Analysis of Multiple Annular Pressure in Gas Storage Well and High-Pressure Gas Well

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