Pilot-multiplexed continuous-variable quantum key distribution with a real local oscillator

Wang, Tao; Huang, Peng; Zhou, Yonghui; Liu, Weiqi; Zeng, Guihua

doi:10.1103/physreva.97.012310

Cited by 60 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In this model, significant increment in achievable secret key rate and transmission distance has been predicted [17,21]. Moreover, in [23], we find that the phase variation arise from signal and pilot pulses separation inside Bob is also isolated from Eve, hence certain trusted phase noise and predicted improved performance. Nevertheless, security analysis with trusted phase noise has not been comprehensively investigated and we have therefore found that amplituderelated phase estimation error noise can result in a loophole for Eve to mount an attack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…On the other hand, even though large reference pulse intensity leads to low phase estimation error noise. However, other noises such as modulation noise due to finite amplitude modulation range and polarization multiplexing device's dynamic range [25], ADC noise [23], etc. will correspondingly increase with reference pulse intensity.…”

Section: Trusted Phase Noise Model Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to ease such a limitation, Alice can share low intensity phase reference pulses with Bob, that can either lock the phase of the LO laser with the one at Alice in real time [20] or otherwise can recover the phase and corrects the measurements later during data reconciliation [21]. The latest LLO implementations based simultaneous pilot's signals [22], polarization multiplexed pilots [23] and more detailed noise analysis [24] also comes to the stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reference pulse attack on continuous variable quantum key distribution with local local oscillator under trusted phase noise

et al. 2019

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We show that partially trusting the phase noise associated with estimation uncertainty in a LLO-CVQKD system allows one to exchange higher secure key rates than in the case of untrusted phase noise. However, this opens a security loophole through the manipulation of the reference pulse amplitude. We label this as 'reference pulse attack' which is applicable to all LLO-CVQKD systems if the phase noise is trusted. We show that, at the optimal reference pulse intensity level, Eve achieves unity attack efficiency at 23.8km and 32.0km while using lossless and 0.14dB/km loss channels, respectively, for her attack. However, in order to maintain the performance enhancement from partially trusting the phase noise, countermeasures have been proposed. As a result, the LLO-CVQKD system with partially trusted phase noise owns a superior key rate at 20km by an order 9.5, and extended transmission distance by 45%, than that of the phase noise untrusted system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Trusted Phase Noise Model Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reference pulse attack on continuous variable quantum key distribution with local local oscillator under trusted phase noise

et al. 2019

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“…In first demonstrations of the above method a timemultiplexed scheme was adopted, where strong reference pulses were temporally interleaved with the quantum signal [16][17][18], in some cases enhanced by polarisation-multiplexing [19,20]. Although straightforward to implement, this method comes with certain impairments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot-assisted intradyne reception for high-speed continuous-variable quantum key distribution with true local oscillator

Laudenbach

Schrenk

Pacher

et al. 2019

Quantum

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We present a pilot-assisted coherent intradyne reception methodology for CV-QKD with true local oscillator.An optically phaselocked reference tone, prepared using carriersuppressed optical single-sideband modulation, is multiplexed in polarisation and frequency to the 250 Mbaud quantum signal in order to provide optical frequency-and phase matching between quantum signal and local oscillator. Our concept allows for high symbol rates and can be operated at an extremely low excess-noise level, as validated by experimental measurements.

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“…Moreover, the reference pulses provide phase information for Bob's coherent detection, so that the phase drift between Alice and Bob can be compensated exactly in real time. Besides, the reference pulses can be transmitted with quantum signals over the same quantum channel by time-multiplexing and polarization-multiplexing [17] [18], so that it is easy for practical systems to separate them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Security of the Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Locally-Generated Local Oscillators

Huang¹,

Zhu²,

Tang³

et al. 2019

JAMP

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Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) with the local local oscillator (LLO) is confronted with new security problems due to the reference pulses transmitted together with quantum signals over the insecure quantum channel. In this paper, we propose a method of phase attack on reference pulses of the LLO-CVQKD with time-multiplexing. Under this phase attack, the phase drifts of reference pulses are manipulated by eavesdroppers, and then the phase compensation error is increased. Consequently, the secret key rate is reduced due to the imperfect phase compensation for quantum signals. Based on the noise model of imperfect phase compensation, the practical security of LLO-CVQKD under phase attack is analyzed. The simulation results show that the practical security is reduced due to the phase attack, yet it is still tight when system parameters are estimated by training signals.

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Pilot-multiplexed continuous-variable quantum key distribution with a real local oscillator

Cited by 60 publications

References 31 publications

Reference pulse attack on continuous variable quantum key distribution with local local oscillator under trusted phase noise

Reference pulse attack on continuous variable quantum key distribution with local local oscillator under trusted phase noise

Pilot-assisted intradyne reception for high-speed continuous-variable quantum key distribution with true local oscillator

Practical Security of the Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Locally-Generated Local Oscillators

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