Pilot‐bus selection for secondary voltage control

Abstract

The secondary voltage control determines control device actions based on reference voltage values set at certain load buses denominated pilot buses. A key factor for the appropriate functioning of secondary voltage control schemes is the selection of the pilot buses. This paper addresses this problem taking into account system‐wide information, and different operating conditions regarding different load levels and different network topologies. The proposed approach improves previous approaches in two respects: the level of modelling detail and the computational efficiency. Two case studies based respectively on the IEEE 118‐bus system and the New England 39‐bus system are provided.

Probabilistic determination of pilot points for zonal voltage control

“…Various approaches have been proposed for pilot node selection problem including heuristic methods [2]- [6] and evolutionary optimization-based methods [7], [8]. In [2], the load buses with higher values of short circuit capacity are selected as pilot nodes.…”

“…The generator terminal voltage is taken as control variable. Two different approaches have been proposed to solve the optimization model: heuristic methods [4]- [6] and evolutionary technique [7], [8]. Recently some coordinated secondary voltage control schemes have been proposed to improve voltage stability margin or eliminate voltage violations.…”

Optimal Shunt Compensation for Improving Voltage Stability and Transfer Capability in Metropolitan Area of the Korean Power System

“…This system controls the terminal voltage of the generator by Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) in the generation level, whereas controls the key bus voltage by control generators in a control regional level. The concept of the key bus and the control area are based on interrelation between a load bus and another load buses by electrical distance [4][5][6][7][8][9]. The on-line voltage control using full SCADA information is implemented in the bulk power system.…”

Immune‐based selection of pilot nodes for secondary voltage control

“…Also, the generators should have sufficient capacity of controllable reactive power to master the changes in load voltage magnitudes. The previous proposed methods lie in two main categories: heuristic methods [2][3][4][5][6] and evolutionary optimization-based methods [7]. The heuristics methods are experience based methods that are used to reduce the need for calculations pertaining to problem size.…”

“…The most challenging problem in the optimization based method is the solution algorithm. The optimization method, can be solved using heuristic methods [4][5][6] or an evolutionary technique [7]. In the optimization based methods, the independency of pilot nodes (i.e., electrical zones) has not been considered.…”