Pillararene‐Based Assemblies: Design Principle, Preparation and Applications

Abstract

In this review, we highlight recent advancements on pillararene-based assemblies. The driving forces for the formation of the pillararene-based assemblies are discussed first. The host-guest interactions are deemed as not only general strategy for constructing assemblies but also essential components for preventing the assemblies from the dissociation. Solvent effect is also important in the assembling process, since it could influence the host-guest interactions and provide solvophobic effect on pillararenes for the assembly. Then, several pillararene-based assembly architectures are introduced, including pillararene-based interlocked structures, such as (poly)pseudorotaxanes, (poly)rotaxanes, and daisy chains, classified by their topological structures and synthetic strategy. The morphologies of the supramolecular assemblies are divided into several types, for example, nanospheres, nanotubes and supramolecular polymers. Furthermore, the functions and potential applications are summarized accompanied with related assembly structures. The review not only provides fundamental findings, but also foresights future research directions in the research area of pillararene-based assemblies.

Pillar[5]arenes with Morpholide and Pyrrolidide Substituents: Synthesis and Complex Formation with Alkali Metal Ions

“…The residue from the reaction mixture was filtered off and washed with distilled water for several times. 4,8,14,18,23,26,28,31,32,35-Deca(carboxymethoxy)pillar [5] arene (4). Product yield: 0.40 g (83 %).…”

“…In recent years, a new class of synthetic macrocycles -pillar[n]arenesattracts the interest of researchers. [7,8] Pillar[n]arenes belong to a new generation of macrocyclic hosts for supramolecular chemistry. The macrocyclic cavity of pillar [5]arene has the size comparable to a cavity of cyclodextrines and calixarenes well known as effective complexing reagents for organic and inorganic compounds.…”

Dynamic Macromolecular Material Design—The Versatility of Cyclodextrin‐Based Host–Guest Chemistry

“…[7] Supramolecular chemistry has-since its conception by Lehn [8] -been amajor influence on the entire field of chemistry and especially on polymer chemistry, [9] particularly for the formation of higher level complex self-assemblies of macromolecules.T he main types of supramolecular interactions utilized in polymer sciences are metal complexes, [10] hydrogen bonding, [11] and inclusion complexes. [12] Common hosts for inclusion complexes in aqueous solution are cucurbiturils, [13] calixarenes, [14] pillararenes, [15] and the frequently utilized cylodextrins (CDs).…”

Pillararene-based fluorescent indicator displacement assay for the selective recognition of ATP

“…Although pillar [n]arenes are a relatively new class of macrocycles [13], numerous applications were discovered due to their easy synthesis, versatile functionalization and diverse host-guest chemistry [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. In particular, water-soluble pillararenes are of significance as prosperous hosts for various guests of biological importance [23][24][25][26][27][28].…”