Pile Horizontal Soil Modulus Values

Smith, Trevor D.

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1987)113:9(1040)

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The soil resistance to the lateral movement of the pile depends on two factors: (i) frontal normal stress and (ii) side friction (Briaud et al 1983;Smith 1987). The contour plots of the horizontal compressive stresses for three different load eccentricities at θ=5⁰ are shown in (e.g., see the stress contour around the line AB in Fig.…”

Section: D) Horizontal Stress Around the Pilementioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Large-Diameter Monopiles in Dense Sand Supporting Offshore Wind Turbines

Ahmed

Hawlader

2016

Int. J. Geomech.

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Large-diameter monopiles are widely used foundations for offshore wind turbines. In the present study, three-dimensional finite element (FE) analyses are performed to estimate the static lateral load-carrying capacity of monopiles in dense sand subjected to eccentric loading. A modified Mohr-Coulomb (MMC) model that considers the pre-peak hardening, post-peak softening and the effects of mean effective stress and relative density on stress-strain behavior of dense sand is adopted in the FE analysis. FE analyses are also performed with the Mohr-Coulomb (MC) model. The load-displacement behavior observed in model tests can be simulated better with the MMC model than the MC model. Based on a parametric study for different length-to-diameter ratio of the pile, a load-moment capacity interaction diagram is developed for different degrees of rotation. A simplified model, based on the concept of lateral pressure distribution on the pile, is also proposed for estimation of its capacity.

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Section: D) Horizontal Stress Around the Pilementioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Large-Diameter Monopiles in Dense Sand Supporting Offshore Wind Turbines

Ahmed

Hawlader

2016

Int. J. Geomech.

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“…However, using identical soil in the model and prototype, while intended to ensure identical mechanical behaviour in model and prototype, leads to a scaling problem for the size of the grains, see for example Gui and Bolton (1998). The soil resistance in sand is derived from a combination of effective stress and friction (Briaud et al, 1983;Smith, 1987); however, friction is dependent upon behaviour at particulate scale, and this can be affected by roughness (Garnier and Konig, 1998;Lehane et al 2005), dilatancy (Bolton, 1986) and grain crushing (McDowell and Bolton, 1998). A minimum ratio between pile diameter and average grain-size diameter d/d 50 , in (Ovesen, 1975).…”

Section: Scaling In the Centrifugementioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling issues in centrifuge modelling of monopiles

Klinkvort

Hededal

Springman

2013

International Journal of Physical Modelling in Geotechnics

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This paper deals with three different and important issues for centrifuge testing on monopiles for offshore wind turbines. A series of centrifuge model tests has been conducted on cylindrical stiff model monopiles that were installed at 1g and in-flight before being loaded laterally as well as on conical model piles installed in-flight. All model tests were performed in normally consolidated dense dry sand, simulating drained conditions. The tests confirmed three important issues for centrifuge modelling of monopiles for offshore wind turbines. First, to avoid any noticeable grain-size effect, the geometric ratio between average grain-size in poorly graded soils and pile diameter has to be larger than 88. Second, the non-linear stress distribution with depth, which is often neglected, has to be taken into account in the analysis of the lateral response. Finally, the pile lateral load-displacement tests confirm that both stiffness and strength increase following in-flight installation and that in-flight installation is needed to avoid any scale effects. This paper illustrates how these three issues are important factors in achieving reliable centrifuge modelling, which is capable of scaling model observations to prototype.

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“…The ultimate lateral resistance in the different arrangements of pile groups was estimated by the load-deflection curves. The soil resistance to piles under lateral load may be involving of the side friction and the frontal normal reaction [ 17 ]. However, these two reactions are dependent on shape factor taking in account nonuniform distribution of earth pressure in front of pile and lateral shear drag.…”

Section: Ultimate Lateral Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study on Pile Spacing Effects under Lateral Loading in Sand

Khari

Kassim

Adnan

2013

The Scientific World Journal

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Grouped and single pile behavior differs owing to the impacts of the pile-to-pile interaction. Ultimate lateral resistance and lateral subgrade modulus within a pile group are known as the key parameters in the soil-pile interaction phenomenon. In this study, a series of experimental investigation was carried out on single and group pile subjected to monotonic lateral loadings. Experimental investigations were conducted on twelve model pile groups of configurations 1 × 2, 1 × 3, 2 × 2, 3 × 3, and 3 × 2 for embedded length-to-diameter ratio l/d = 32 into loose and dense sand, spacing from 3 to 6 pile diameter, in parallel and series arrangement. The tests were performed in dry sand from Johor Bahru, Malaysia. To reconstruct the sand samples, the new designed apparatus, Mobile Pluviator, was adopted. The ultimate lateral load is increased 53% in increasing of s/d from 3 to 6 owing to effects of sand relative density. An increasing of the number of piles in-group decreases the group efficiency owing to the increasing of overlapped stress zones and active wedges. A ratio of s/d more than 6d is large enough to eliminate the pile-to-pile interaction and the group effects. It may be more in the loose sand.

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Pile Horizontal Soil Modulus Values

Cited by 30 publications

References 4 publications

Numerical Analysis of Large-Diameter Monopiles in Dense Sand Supporting Offshore Wind Turbines

Numerical Analysis of Large-Diameter Monopiles in Dense Sand Supporting Offshore Wind Turbines

Scaling issues in centrifuge modelling of monopiles

An Experimental Study on Pile Spacing Effects under Lateral Loading in Sand

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