PII1: a protein involved in starch initiation that determines granule number and size in Arabidopsis chloroplast

Vandromme, Camille; Spriet, Corentin; Dauvillée, David; Courseaux, Adeline; Putaux, Jean‐Luc; Wychowski, Adeline; Krzewinski, Frédéric; Facon, Maud; d’Hulst, Christophe; Wattebled, Fabrice

doi:10.1111/nph.15356

Cited by 36 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…PTST2 also co-purified in immunoprecipitation experiments with two other plastidial coiled-coil proteins: MRC/PII1 and MFP1 (Seung et al, 2018). MRC/PII1 is a direct interaction partner of SS4, while MFP1 is a thylakoid-associated protein that localizes PTST2 to discrete patches in the chloroplast (Seung et al, 2018;Vandromme et al, 2019). The location of PTST2 in these patches was proposed to restrict granule initiation events to defined areas of the plastid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A carbohydrate-binding protein, B-GRANULE CONTENT 1, influences starch granule size distribution in a dose-dependent manner in polyploid wheat

Chia

Chirico

King

et al. 2019

Journal of Experimental Botany

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In Triticeae endosperm (e.g. wheat and barley), starch granules have a bimodal size distribution (with A- and B-type granules) whereas in other grasses the endosperm contains starch granules with a unimodal size distribution. Here, we identify the gene, BGC1 (B-GRANULE CONTENT 1), responsible for B-type starch granule content in Aegilops and wheat. Orthologues of this gene are known to influence starch synthesis in diploids such as rice, Arabidopsis, and barley. However, using polyploid Triticeae species, we uncovered a more complex biological role for BGC1 in starch granule initiation: BGC1 represses the initiation of A-granules in early grain development but promotes the initiation of B-granules in mid grain development. We provide evidence that the influence of BGC1 on starch synthesis is dose dependent and show that three very different starch phenotypes are conditioned by the gene dose of BGC1 in polyploid wheat: normal bimodal starch granule morphology; A-granules with few or no B-granules; or polymorphous starch with few normal A- or B-granules. We conclude from this work that BGC1 participates in controlling B-type starch granule initiation in Triticeae endosperm and that its precise effect on granule size and number varies with gene dose and stage of development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A carbohydrate-binding protein, B-GRANULE CONTENT 1, influences starch granule size distribution in a dose-dependent manner in polyploid wheat

Chia

Chirico

King

et al. 2019

Journal of Experimental Botany

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“…In addition to the PTST family, other non-catalytic proteins are implicated in the starch granule initiation pathway, and appear to play important roles in protein scaffolding and sub-organellar localization. A novel chloroplast protein discovered in Arabidopsis known as PROTEIN INVOLVED IN STARCH INITIATION1 (PII1, At4g32190) forms a protein complex with SSIV, and may be necessary for SSIV catalytic activity [ 162 ]. PII1 is also referred to as MYOSIN-RESEMBLING CHLOROPLAST PROTEIN (MRC), which was identified as one of two proteins interacting with PTST2 by Seung et al [ 163 ].…”

Section: Starch Granule Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Starch Biosynthesis in Relation to the Building Block-Backbone Model

Tetlow

Bertoft²

2020

IJMS

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Starch is a water-insoluble polymer of glucose synthesized as discrete granules inside the stroma of plastids in plant cells. Starch reserves provide a source of carbohydrate for immediate growth and development, and act as long term carbon stores in endosperms and seed tissues for growth of the next generation, making starch of huge agricultural importance. The starch granule has a highly complex hierarchical structure arising from the combined actions of a large array of enzymes as well as physicochemical self-assembly mechanisms. Understanding the precise nature of granule architecture, and how both biological and abiotic factors determine this structure is of both fundamental and practical importance. This review outlines current knowledge of granule architecture and the starch biosynthesis pathway in relation to the building block-backbone model of starch structure. We highlight the gaps in our knowledge in relation to our understanding of the structure and synthesis of starch, and argue that the building block-backbone model takes accurate account of both structural and biochemical data.

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“…Furthermore, a protein named PII1 (protein involved in starch initiation) was identified as an interacting protein of AtSS4. Also the pii1 mutant revealed a reduced number of starch granules compared to the wild type [26]. It was also reported, that AtSS4 interacts with the plastidial starch phosphorylase (AtPHS1) [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Identify the Specificity of Interaction between the Arabidopsis Starch Synthase 4 and the Plastidial Starch Phosphorylase using a Homologous Protein-Animal Rabbit Muscle Phosphorylase a

Qasim¹,

Orzechowski²,

Fettke³

et al. 2019

SIJB

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The starch synthase 4 (SS4) is a key enzyme for initiation of starch granules and regulation of the starch granule number in chloroplasts of higher plants. These enzymes transfer glucosyl residue from ADPglucose to the non-reducing end of a preexisting glucan chain. The presence of a coiled-coil motive in the N-terminus of Arabidopsis SS4 has been involved in mediating some of the protein-protein interactions. Thus, it was also shown that AtSS4 directly interacts with the plastidial phosphorylase (AtPHS1). However, phosphorylase enzymes are widespread in animals, microorganism, and plants. So far, it was unclear if the observed protein-protein interaction is specific for plant origin phosphorylase enzymes. Therefore, we tested whether or not an animal type phosphorylase, the rabbit muscle phosphorylase a (Pho a), also interacts with AtSS4. Our results show that the protein-protein interaction of AtPHS1 and AtSS4 is specific and cannot archived by Pho a. Furthermore, also a functional interaction between AtSS4 and the Pho a was not detected.

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PII1: a protein involved in starch initiation that determines granule number and size in Arabidopsis chloroplast

Cited by 36 publications

References 69 publications

A carbohydrate-binding protein, B-GRANULE CONTENT 1, influences starch granule size distribution in a dose-dependent manner in polyploid wheat

A carbohydrate-binding protein, B-GRANULE CONTENT 1, influences starch granule size distribution in a dose-dependent manner in polyploid wheat

A Review of Starch Biosynthesis in Relation to the Building Block-Backbone Model

Identify the Specificity of Interaction between the Arabidopsis Starch Synthase 4 and the Plastidial Starch Phosphorylase using a Homologous Protein-Animal Rabbit Muscle Phosphorylase a

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