Pigment investigation of a late-medieval manuscript with total reflection X-ray fluorescence and micro-Raman spectroscopy

Vandenabeele, Peter; Wehling, Bernhard; Moëns, Luc; Dekeyzer, Brigitte; Cardon, Bert; Bohlen, Alex von; Klockenkämper, R.

doi:10.1039/a807343k

Cited by 78 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The same mixture of pigments has been found elsewhere. 11,12 Moreover, in the preparation of Pb 3 O 4 , consisting of the calcination of white lead for a long time at an elevated temperature, PbO can also be formed. 13 In Fig.…”

Section: Orangementioning

confidence: 99%

Fourier transform Raman spectroscopic study of pigments present in decorative wallpapers of the middle nineteenth century from the Santa Isabel factory (Vitoria, Basque Country, Spain)

Castro

Rodríguez-Laso

Fernández

et al. 2002

J Raman Spectroscopy

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One of the earliest wallpapers manufactured by the Santa Isabel factory (Vitoria, Basque Country, Spain) (1845) was found at the Torre de los Varona (near Vitoria) during restoration work on the building. As part of this cleaning and restoration work, the identification of the wallpaper's pigments was carried out by Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy. Fragments of paper were set in a sampler kit for planar surfaces. By moving the paper samples, it is possible to locate the laser beam's spot at the point that it is going to be analysed with a spatial resolution of about 0.5 mm. With this method it is possible to map a surface of several square centimetres without the need for an optical microscope. As FT-Raman analysis is totally non-destructive, the samples were restored and integrated with the whole wallpaper at the end of the analysis. Small particles of pigment were collected for the analysis of the pink and green colours by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). In both cases, the damage caused by the pigment sampling was minimal and non-visible. BaSO 4 , CaCO 3 , Pb 3 O 4 , PbCrO 4 , PbO, Prussian Blue, gypsum and an organic black pigment were detected. It is important to take into account the laser beam's penetrative power in order to interpret the spectra correctly. The identification of only eight pigments to make 12 different colours, mostly in two different shades, shows the ability of the wallpaper manufacturer to create a rich palette at low cost. This type of primitive industrial decorative work has become real artwork that it is necessary to preserve and restore.

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Section: Orangementioning

confidence: 99%

Fourier transform Raman spectroscopic study of pigments present in decorative wallpapers of the middle nineteenth century from the Santa Isabel factory (Vitoria, Basque Country, Spain)

Castro

Rodríguez-Laso

Fernández

et al. 2002

J Raman Spectroscopy

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“…It is worth noting, though, that the complexity of cultural materials inevitably requires the use of several analytical tools for a complete and confident analysis; no single instrument can answer all the questions that may arise in the laboratory. Particularly informative investigations of artefacts have resulted from the powerful combinations of Raman microscopy and total reflection XRF [17,18], LIBS [19], PIXE [20] and FTIR reflection microscopy [21].…”

Section: Advantages and Limitations Of Raman Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman microscopy in art history and conservation science

Smith¹,

Clark²

2001

Studies in Conservation

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Numerous applications of Raman microscopy in art history and conservation science have appeared in the literature, but unfortunately this work has gone largely unrecognized by practitioners in those fields. This article assesses the causes of this situation and seeks to inform conservators, art historians and archaeologists of the role that Raman microscopy is playing in the analysis of historical materials. A brief description of the Raman scattering phenomenon and the instrumentation used to collect Raman spectra is presented, and the capabilities and limitations of the technique are discussed. Importantly, a comprehensive and critical review is provided of Raman microscopy applications in the technical analysis of art and artefacts.

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“…In this research field, the technique has successfully been applied for the study of, amongst others, oil paintings [2][3][4], mediaeval manuscripts [5][6][7], ceramics [8][9][10][11], stained glass [12], wall paintings [13,14], rock art [15,16], gemstones [17] or for the analysis of archaeological objects [18]. Surface enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is frequently used for the analysis of dyes [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of a portable Raman spectrometer for in situ analysis of art objects

Lauwers

Hutado

Tanevska

et al. 2014

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectros

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102

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Pigment investigation of a late-medieval manuscript with total reflection X-ray fluorescence and micro-Raman spectroscopy

Cited by 78 publications

References 6 publications

Fourier transform Raman spectroscopic study of pigments present in decorative wallpapers of the middle nineteenth century from the Santa Isabel factory (Vitoria, Basque Country, Spain)

Fourier transform Raman spectroscopic study of pigments present in decorative wallpapers of the middle nineteenth century from the Santa Isabel factory (Vitoria, Basque Country, Spain)

Raman microscopy in art history and conservation science

Characterisation of a portable Raman spectrometer for in situ analysis of art objects

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