Pigment Epithelia of the Eye: Cell-Type Conversion in Regeneration and Disease

Grigoryan, E. N.

doi:10.3390/life12030382

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 257 publications

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“…Alternatively, SP cell properties may emerge due to transdifferentiation of tissue-derived mature RPE cells cultured in supplemented media [ 121 , 122 , 123 ]. It has been noted that there is no direct evidence for the existence of stem cells in the adult hRPE [ 124 ]. Our evidence for the existence of a small (1–2%) population of RPE SP cells in the native mouse tissue supports the hypothesis that hRPE stem cells may also exist in the human tissue, although additional studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Molecular Features of Heterogeneity in the Murine Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Pandey

Krebs

Bolisetty

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Transcriptomic analysis of the mammalian retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) aims to identify cellular networks that influence ocular development, maintenance, function, and disease. However, available evidence points to RPE cell heterogeneity within native tissue, which adds complexity to global transcriptomic analysis. Here, to assess cell heterogeneity, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of RPE cells from two young adult male C57BL/6J mice. Following quality control to ensure robust transcript identification limited to cell singlets, we detected 13,858 transcripts among 2667 and 2846 RPE cells. Dimensional reduction by principal component analysis and uniform manifold approximation and projection revealed six distinct cell populations. All clusters expressed transcripts typical of RPE cells; the smallest (C1, containing 1–2% of total cells) exhibited the hallmarks of stem and/or progenitor (SP) cells. Placing C1–6 along a pseudotime axis suggested a relative decrease in melanogenesis and SP gene expression and a corresponding increase in visual cycle gene expression upon RPE maturation. K-means clustering of all detected transcripts identified additional expression patterns that may advance the understanding of RPE SP cell maintenance and the evolution of cellular metabolic networks during development. This work provides new insights into the transcriptome of the mouse RPE and a baseline for identifying experimentally induced transcriptional changes in future studies of this tissue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Molecular Features of Heterogeneity in the Murine Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Pandey

Krebs

Bolisetty

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…In addition, the lens achieves this focusing ability through alterations in its curvature and thickness, a phenomenon referred to as "accommodation". The degree of lens accommodation is one of the metrics utilized by the brain in estimating the distance of an observed object [31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Cranial Nerve Ii: Optic Nervementioning

confidence: 99%

On the Cranial Nerves

Libreros-Jiménez,

Manzo,

Rojas-Durán

et al. 2023

NeuroSci

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The twelve cranial nerves play a crucial role in the nervous system, orchestrating a myriad of functions vital for our everyday life. These nerves are each specialized for particular tasks. Cranial nerve I, known as the olfactory nerve, is responsible for our sense of smell, allowing us to perceive and distinguish various scents. Cranial nerve II, or the optic nerve, is dedicated to vision, transmitting visual information from the eyes to the brain. Eye movements are governed by cranial nerves III, IV, and VI, ensuring our ability to track objects and focus. Cranial nerve V controls facial sensations and jaw movements, while cranial nerve VII, the facial nerve, facilitates facial expressions and taste perception. Cranial nerve VIII, or the vestibulocochlear nerve, plays a critical role in hearing and balance. Cranial nerve IX, the glossopharyngeal nerve, affects throat sensations and taste perception. Cranial nerve X, the vagus nerve, is a far-reaching nerve, influencing numerous internal organs, such as the heart, lungs, and digestive system. Cranial nerve XI, the accessory nerve, is responsible for neck muscle control, contributing to head movements. Finally, cranial nerve XII, the hypoglossal nerve, manages tongue movements, essential for speaking, swallowing, and breathing. Understanding these cranial nerves is fundamental in comprehending the intricate workings of our nervous system and the functions that sustain our daily lives.

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“…The experience of deriving retinal organoids from PSCs should facilitate attempts to grow organoids from adult mammal retina cells, which are the retinal regenerative reserve. RPE cells, ciliary body cells, and Müller glia cells of mammals and human are known for the ability to form neurospheres containing cells of neural/retinal differentiation in vitro [ 161 , 255 ].…”

Section: Retinal Self-organization In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Organization of the Retina during Eye Development, Retinal Regeneration In Vivo, and in Retinal 3D Organoids In Vitro

Grigoryan

2022

Biomedicines

Self Cite

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Self-organization is a process that ensures histogenesis of the eye retina. This highly intricate phenomenon is not sufficiently studied due to its biological complexity and genetic heterogeneity. The review aims to summarize the existing central theories and ideas for a better understanding of retinal self-organization, as well as to address various practical problems of retinal biomedicine. The phenomenon of self-organization is discussed in the spatiotemporal context and illustrated by key findings during vertebrate retina development in vivo and retinal regeneration in amphibians in situ. Described also are histotypic 3D structures obtained from the disaggregated retinal progenitor cells of birds and retinal 3D organoids derived from the mouse and human pluripotent stem cells. The review highlights integral parts of retinal development in these conditions. On the cellular level, these include competence, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, cooperative movements, and migration. On the physical level, the focus is on the mechanical properties of cell- and cell layer-derived forces and on the molecular level on factors responsible for gene regulation, such as transcription factors, signaling molecules, and epigenetic changes. Finally, the self-organization phenomenon is discussed as a basis for the production of retinal organoids, a promising model for a wide range of basic scientific and medical applications.

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Pigment Epithelia of the Eye: Cell-Type Conversion in Regeneration and Disease

Cited by 8 publications

References 257 publications

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Molecular Features of Heterogeneity in the Murine Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Molecular Features of Heterogeneity in the Murine Retinal Pigment Epithelium

On the Cranial Nerves

Self-Organization of the Retina during Eye Development, Retinal Regeneration In Vivo, and in Retinal 3D Organoids In Vitro

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