Piezoelectric transducer materials

Jaffe, Hans; Berlincourt, Don

doi:10.1109/proc.1965.4253

Cited by 488 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…were cultured as described (36,37 HUVECs were isolated from human umbilical cords as described previously (40). LDL receptors were usually up-regulated by incubation prior to the assay for 48 h with media containing 2 mg/ml lipoproteindeficient serum (LPDS) and 24 h in the presence of 1 g/ml of lovastatin (41,42).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipoprotein Lipase Binds to Low Density Lipoprotein Receptors and Induces Receptor-mediated Catabolism of Very Low Density Lipoproteins

Medh

Bowen

Fry

et al. 1996

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Lipoprotein lipase (LPL)1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides in plasma chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) (1-4). In humans, deficiency of either LPL or apolipoprotein (apo) CII, an essential cofactor for LPL's lipolytic activity, results in severe elevation in plasma chylomicrons and large VLDL (5). In addition to its lipolytic actions, LPL is also a ligand for receptors belonging to the family of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors, including LDL receptorrelated protein (LRP)/␣ 2 -macroglobulin (␣ 2 M) receptor, GP330/ LRP-2, and VLDL receptors (6 -13). LPL can influence lipoprotein catabolism by simultaneously binding to both lipoproteins and these cell surface receptors (6 -13). LPL promotes VLDL catabolism in LDL receptor-lacking mutant fibroblasts, and ligands specific for LRP inhibit LPL-stimulated VLDL degradation (9). LPL promotes lipoprotein binding to purified LRP (9) and GP330/LRP-2 (11) in solid-phase assays. Argraves et al. (12) demonstrated that transfection of PEA13 cells with VLDL receptors enhances their ability to internalize and degrade 125 I-LPL. Takahashi et al. (13) showed that in chinese hamster ovary cells co-transfected with the VLDL receptor and LPL, binding and degradation of 125 I-VLDL is much greater than in cells transfected with VLDL receptor alone. These studies demonstrate that LPL-dependent VLDL catabolism is mediated by LRP (6 -10), GP330/LRP-2 (10, 11), and VLDL receptors (12, 13). LPL also binds to cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (3, 14 -16). LPL binding to either heparan sulfate proteoglycans or receptors can be separated from its lipolytic activity as indicated by studies with LPLC, the carboxyl-terminal, noncatalytic domain of LPL (8,17,18).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipoprotein Lipase Binds to Low Density Lipoprotein Receptors and Induces Receptor-mediated Catabolism of Very Low Density Lipoproteins

Medh

Bowen

Fry

et al. 1996

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…h (ω), and analogously for the test functions b, w, we arrive at a finite dimensional system of linear equations 25) where the matrices…”

Section: Space Discretisation With Finite Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…cf. [23,25,29], and § 2.1 below). These equations contain as essential information a set of about ten material parameters steering the interplay of mechanical and electrical quantities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PDE based determination of piezoelectric material tensors

Kaltenbacher¹,

Lahmer²,

Mohr³

et al. 2006

Eur. J. Appl. Math

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The exact numerical simulation of piezoelectric transducers requires the knowledge of all material tensors that occur in the piezoelectric constitutive relations. To account for mechanical, dielectric and piezoelectric losses, the material parameters are assumed to be complex. The issue of material tensor identification is formulated as an inverse problem: As input measured impedance values for different frequency points are used, the searched-for output is the complete set of material parameters. Hence, the forward operator F mapping from the set of parameters to the set of measurements, involves solutions of the system of partial differential equations arising from application of Newton's and Gauss' law to the piezoelectric constitutive relations. This, via two or three dimensional finite element discretisation, leads to an indefinite system of equations for solving the forward problem. Well-posedness of the infinite dimensional forward problem is proven and efficient solution strategies for its discretized version are presented. Since unique solvability of the inverse problem may hardly be verified, the system of equations we have to solve for recovering the material tensor entries can be rank deficient and therefore requires application of appropriate regularisation strategies. Consequently, inversion of the (nonlinear) parameter-to-measurement map F is performed using regularised versions of Newton's method. Numerical results for different piezoelectric specimens conclude this paper.

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“…Due to its advantages of good penetration depth and mechanical flexibility, the piezoelectric ultrasonic method is widely used for thickness measurement, flaw evaluation and material characterization [6][7][8][9][10][11]. The transducer frequently used for the conventional ultrasonic non-destructive testing is piezoelectric ceramics or crystals [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directivity analysis of meander-line-coil EMATs with a wholly analytical method

et al. 2017

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This paper presents the simulation and experimental study of the radiation pattern of a meander-line-coil EMAT. A wholly analytical method, which involves the coupling of two models: an analytical EM model and an analytical UT model, has been developed to build EMAT models and analyse the Rayleigh waves' beam directivity. For a specific sensor configuration, Lorentz forces are calculated using the EM analytical method, which is adapted from the classic Deeds and Dodd solution. The calculated Lorentz force density are imported to an analytical ultrasonic model as driven point sources, which produce the Rayleigh waves within a layered medium. The effect of the length of the meander-line-coil on the Rayleigh waves' beam directivity is analysed quantitatively and verified experimentally.

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Piezoelectric transducer materials

Cited by 488 publications

References 46 publications

Lipoprotein Lipase Binds to Low Density Lipoprotein Receptors and Induces Receptor-mediated Catabolism of Very Low Density Lipoproteins

Lipoprotein Lipase Binds to Low Density Lipoprotein Receptors and Induces Receptor-mediated Catabolism of Very Low Density Lipoproteins

PDE based determination of piezoelectric material tensors

Directivity analysis of meander-line-coil EMATs with a wholly analytical method

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