Piezoelectric Response in Hybrid Micropillar Arrays of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) and Reduced Graphene Oxide

Abstract

This study was dedicated to the investigation of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) micropillar arrays obtained by soft lithography followed by phase inversion at a low temperature. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was incorporated into the PVDF as a nucleating filler. The piezoelectric properties of the PVDF-rGO composite micropillars were explored via piezo-response force microscopy (PFM). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that α, β, and γ phases co-existed in all studied samples, with a predominance of the γ phase. The piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) data provided the local piezoelectric response of the PVDF micropillars, which exhibited a temperature-induced downward dipole orientation in the pristine PVDF micropillars. The addition of rGO into the PVDF matrix resulted in a change in the preferred polarization direction, and the piezo-response phase angle changed from −120° to 20°–40°. The pristine PVDF and PVDF loaded with 0.1 wt % of rGO after low-temperature quenching were found to possess a piezoelectric response of 86 and 87 pm/V respectively, which are significantly higher than the |d33eff| in the case of imprinted PVDF 64 pm/V. Thus, the addition of rGO significantly affected the domain orientation (polarization) while quenching increased the piezoelectric response.

Piezoelectric Scaffolds as Smart Materials for Neural Tissue Engineering

“…Voltage gated ion channels are usually ion specific, for instance to sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), and chloride (Cl−) ions. In the case of voltage gated channels, the natural piezoelectricity of the body elements is important for the generation of electrical charges under mechanical stress [47][48][49][50].…”

Piezoelectric Properties of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-3-Hedroxybutyrate)-Co-Poly(ethylene Glycol) Produced by Controlled Microbiological Biosynthesis

“…Известно, что шероховатость оказывает отрицательное влияние на сегнетоэлектрические свойства, такие как ток утечки, гистерезис, остаточная поляризация и величина коэрцитивной силы, что, в конечном итоге, влияет на пьезоэлектрический отклик [2,6,10,11]. Также стоит отметить, что степень кристалличности, рассчитанная согласно данным ДСК, не коррелирует с полученным значением пьезоэлектрического коэффициента, который обнаружен в случае ПОБВ-ПЭГ, однако, пьезоэлектрический отклик зависит от целого ряда факторов [14].…”

Comprehensive Characterization of Solution-Cast Pristine and Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Polyvinylidene Fluoride Films for Sensory Applications

“…Recent works which experimentally extract the coefficient have prepared the composite films (optimally with 0.3%w.t. rGO) via in situ chemical or thermal reduction of graphene oxide (GO) [32][33][34][35], rather than dispersing rGO into PVDF solutions using solution-cast techniques. However, in situ reduction is complex, expensive, and poorly controlled [34].…”