Piezoelectric properties of irradiation-crosslinked polypropylene ferroelectrets

Zhang, Xiaoqing; Huang, Jinfeng; Chen, Jian‐Bo; Wan, Zhenmao; Wang, Shu; Xia, Zhang

doi:10.1063/1.2803316

Cited by 61 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…28 The foam sheets were clipped between two metal plates, and then pressed by a Platen vulcanizing press machine for 20 min at a temperature of 100 o C and a pressure of 15 MPa. Thereafter the samples, together with the clipping plates, were cooled down by using a cold press machine to complete the hot-pressing treatment.…”

Section: A Preparation Of Ixpp Piezoelectret Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As explained in the literature this kind of shape is beneficial for achieving a large piezoelectric coefficient because of the enhancement of the charging capability and reduction of Young's modulus in the thickness direction of the sample. 28 In order to form piezoelectrets, a grid-voltage controlled corona charging was performed on the hot-pressed IXPP films at room temperature. The corona voltage, grid voltage, and charging time were -25 kV, -10 kV, and 60s, respectively.…”

Section: A Preparation Of Ixpp Piezoelectret Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diameter of the voids can be up to 300 µm and the thickness of the void-walls is a few µm. The gel fraction (φ gel ) of the present IXPP film was determined by using the following procedure: 28 A pre-weighed sample of mass m 0 was exposed to boiling p-xylene for 6 h, which extracted the loose chains (sol fraction). Then the remaining un-dissolved fraction of the sample was dried for 24 h under vacuum.…”

Section: A Preparation Of Ixpp Piezoelectret Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relevant studies show that energy harvesters based on normal cellular PP piezoelectrets or piezoelectrets made of layered fluoroethylenepropylene (FEP), excited in the {3-3} and stretching modes, can generate an output power of up to about 10 µW, referred to the acceleration g (in italics) due to gravity. [7][8][9]12 Our prior studies indicate that, compared with normal cellular PP, electron irradiated polypropylene (IXPP) not only results in piezoelectrets with improved thermal stability of d 33 and better mechanical properties, 28 but also yields enhanced stretchability after proper modifications of the microstructure. 21 Therefore, it is of interest to explore the capability of energy harvesting from vibration by using IXPP piezoelectret films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy harvesting from vibration with cross-linked polypropylene piezoelectrets

Zhang

Sessler

2015

AIP Advances

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Piezoelectret films are prepared by modification of the microstructure of polypropylene foam sheets cross-linked by electronic irradiation (IXPP), followed by proper corona charging. Young’s modulus, relative permittivity, and electromechanical coupling coefficient of the fabricated films, determined by dielectric resonance spectra, are about 0.7 MPa, 1.6, and 0.08, respectively. Dynamic piezoelectric d33 coefficients up to 650 pC/N at 200 Hz are achieved. The figure of merit (FOM, d33 ⋅ g33) for a more typical d33 value of 400 pC/N is about 11.2 GPa−1. Vibration-based energy harvesting with one-layer and two-layer stacks of these films is investigated at various frequencies and load resistances. At an optimum load resistance of 9 MΩ and a resonance frequency of 800 Hz, a maximum output power of 120 μW, referred to the acceleration g due to gravity, is obtained for an energy harvester consisting of a one-layer IXPP film with an area of 3.14 cm2 and a seismic mass of 33.7 g. The output power can be further improved by using two-layer stacks of IXPP films in electric series. IXPP energy harvesters could be used to energize low-power electronic devices, such as wireless sensors and LED lights.

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Section: A Preparation Of Ixpp Piezoelectret Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Preparation Of Ixpp Piezoelectret Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Preparation Of Ixpp Piezoelectret Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy harvesting from vibration with cross-linked polypropylene piezoelectrets

Zhang

Sessler

2015

AIP Advances

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“…Since the thermal stability of d 33 in ferroelectrets is dependent on the retention of the internal space charges, two approaches are possible to achieve this goal. One is the development of new ferroelectrets based on thermally stable electret materials, such as cross-linked PP (XPP) [10], cycloolefines (COC) [11], polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) [12], polyethylene-naphthalate (PEN) [13], and fluorocarbon polymers [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]; the other is chemical modification, such as surface modification of cellular PP by using fluorination [26]. Of these two approaches, the former one, in particular the one using fluorocarbon films, has shown the most promise.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoroethylenepropylene ferroelectrets with patterned microstructure and high, thermally stable piezoelectricity

et al. 2012

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Layered fluoroethylenepropylene (FEP) ferroelectret films were prepared from sheets of FEP films by template-patterning followed by a fusion-bonding process and contact charging. The layered ferroelectret films show consistency and regularity in their void structures and good bonding of the layers. For films composed of two 12.5 µm thick FEP layers and a typical void of 60 µm height, the critical voltage necessary for the built-up of the "macrodipoles" in the inner voids is approximately 800 V. At room temperature, Young's modulus in the thickness direction, determined from dielectric resonance spectra of the fabricated films with a typical thickness of 85 µm, is about 0.21 MPa. Initial quasistatic piezoelectric d 33 coefficients of samples contact charged at a peak voltage of 1500 V are in the range of 1000-3000 pC/N. From these, ferroelectrets with high quasistatic and dynamic (up to 20 kHz) d 33 coefficients of up to 1000 pC/N and 400 pC/N, respectively, which are thermally stable at 120°C, can be obtained by proper annealing treatment. This constitutes a significant improvement compared to previous results.

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Cellular Polypropylene Piezoelectret for Human Body Energy Harvesting and Health Monitoring

Cheng

Zhong

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

170

119

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wileyonlinelibrary.comHowever, fragile inorganic piezoelectric materials, such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT) [ 16 ] and lead magnesio-niobate titanate (PMN-PT), [ 17 ] contain the lead element, which carries potential health risks. The piezoelectric property of fl exible organic piezoelectric materials, such as polyvinylidene fl uoride (PVDF), [ 18 ] is not excellent enough for practical applications. Traditional fl exible triboelectric generators and electrostatic generators go against to assemble with human body well. [20][21][22][23][24][25] Though, single electrode triboelectric generators are proposed to address the issue signifi cantly, the exposed residual charges of generators are easy to lose. [ 26,27 ] Consequently, new strategy should be proposed to develop other kind of fl exible generators to sustainably power the wearable electronic systems. Cellular polypropylene piezoelectret, which is fl exible, light-weight, inexpensive, and has the similar property with traditional piezoelectric materials, [28][29][30] was fi rst proposed by Kari Kirjavainen and co-workers in 1990. [ 31 ] In the past 25 years, cellular polypropylene has been applied in many transducer applications, like loudspeakers and energy harvesters, because of its rather small specifi c acoustic impedance and relative high piezoelectric coeffi cient ( d 33 ). [32][33][34][35] Herein, we present a new type of fl exible generator based on cellular polypropylene piezoelectret. By virtue of the outstanding mechanical property and high d 33 , the simple-structured cellular polypropylene piezoelectret fl exible generator (CPPFG) can effi ciently transfer the mechanical energy into electrical power and possesses long-term stable output performance, reaching the peak power density of ≈52.8 mW m −2 . For wearable and human interactive applications, self-powered human body biological signals detecting sensors that can sensitively measure the coughing action and arterial pulses were demonstrated, indicating the potential application in healthy monitoring. This study develops a new and effi cient path for human body energy harvesting and interactive sensing. Results and DiscussionThe fabrication process began with the low-cost and easy-gotten biaxially oriented multilayer polypropylene fi lm (Treofan fi lm EUH75). The detailed process is schematically provided in Figure 1 a. The multilayer polypropylene fi lm was fi rst put into a chamber with the chamber pressure of 2 MPa and temperature of 100 °C for 3 h, following by a quick defl ation process. Cellular Polypropylene Piezoelectret for Human Body Energy Harvesting and Health MonitoringNan Wu , Xiaofeng Cheng , Qize Zhong , Junwen Zhong , Wenbo Li , Bo Wang , Bin Hu , and Jun Zhou * Self-powered and wearable electronics, which are away from the problems of batteries, can provide the sustainable and comfortable interactive service for people. In this work, cellular polypropylene piezoelectret, which is with excellent physical and electrical properties, is utilized to build the human body energy ...

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Piezoelectric properties of irradiation-crosslinked polypropylene ferroelectrets

Cited by 61 publications

References 20 publications

Energy harvesting from vibration with cross-linked polypropylene piezoelectrets

Energy harvesting from vibration with cross-linked polypropylene piezoelectrets

Fluoroethylenepropylene ferroelectrets with patterned microstructure and high, thermally stable piezoelectricity

Cellular Polypropylene Piezoelectret for Human Body Energy Harvesting and Health Monitoring

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