Piezoelectric Materials for Nonlinear Energy Harvesting Generators

Neiss, S; Goldschmidtboeing, Frank; Kroener, Michael; Woias, Peter

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/476/1/012035

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Neiss et al supports similar proposition that hard material is better for large amplitude resonance applications. [9] The parameters d 33 and ε are the important parameters for the materials selection. [10] PZT-51 has been shown to be is a good soft material for energy harvester applications.…”

Section: Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Technology: From Materials, Structures, to Applications

Lee

2022

Small Structures

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Piezoelectric energy harvester is the device which uses the external force acting on the piezoelectric elements to generate energy. Usually, this technology is used to convert the ambient waste energy into the usable electrical energy. The mechanism of piezoelectric energy harvester is based on the direct piezoelectric effect. When the harvester is subjected to the stresses, charges will be generated on the materials surface proportionally. When connected to external circuit, the charges will lead to current flow through the load. Therefore, the piezoelectric material in this operation is essentially a voltage, current, charge, or power source. Sometimes, the piezoelectric energy harvester is also called energy scavenger or power generator. Conventionally, the direct piezoelectric effect is applied in piezoelectric sensors, for example, force, pressure and acceleration sensors. In recent decades, the application of direct piezoelectric effect on energy harvester has drawn increasing attention due to a few reasons: first, this is the response of energy crisis. There are increasing concerns on the energy depletion and the need for carbon emission reduction. Therefore, interests on replacement energy over the existing fossil fuel energies arise. Second, environment issue calls for clean, green, sustainable and reusable energy. The present era of industrialization is most advanced than ever in the history, however, the release of waste also brings significant environmental problems. Last but not least, in recent decades, the development of smart devices is rapid and adoption is widespread. Many of them requires low power or powerless for applications such as medical, mobile, or remote devices, where the change of battery is not convenient, high labor cost, inaccessible, or with great hassles.So far there are different kinds of ways for energy harvesting, for example, wind power, hydraulic power, solar power and thermal power etc. Piezoelectric energy harvester is materials based power generator. It features low profiles, micro to meso scale, flexible in structures designs, long life span, and thus is a good candidate for small devices applications. The power level of an energy harvester usually falls in the order of nW, μW, mW, or W. [1] In the process or energy harvesting, the mechanical energy is converted into the electric energy. The energy output of the device is related to a number of parameters. Figure 1a is the equivalent circuit model of the piezoelectric energy harvester,

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Section: Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Technology: From Materials, Structures, to Applications

Lee

2022

Small Structures

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“…Although it is possible to fabricate such a harvester, high coupling piezoceramic materials typically have very poor mechanical properties and would increase the mechanical damping significantly. As consequence, very strong nonlinear springs or excitation amplitudes would be necessary to observe nonlinear behavior [10,18]. Therefore, we limit our investigation of the maximum power output to weakly coupled systems, i.e.…”

Section: Pe Stiffnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 7 shows the jump-down frequency for different damping and coupling constants. The damping constants are typical for energy harvesting devices that use materials with a good mechanical quality factor [18]. This is beneficial in nonlinear systems since strong mechanical damping would significantly reduce the increase in bandwidth caused by the nonlinear hysteresis [10].…”

Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical model for nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting devices

Neiss¹,

Goldschmidtboeing²,

Kroener³

et al. 2014

Smart Mater. Struct.

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In this work we propose analytical expressions for the jump-up and jump-down point of a nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvester. In addition, analytical expressions for the maximum power output at optimal resistive load and the 3 dB-bandwidth are derived. So far, only numerical models have been used to describe the physics of a piezoelectric energy harvester. However, this approach is not suitable to quickly evaluate different geometrical designs or piezoelectric materials in the harvester design process. In addition, the analytical expressions could be used to predict the jump-frequencies of a harvester during operation. In combination with a tuning mechanism, this would allow the design of an efficient control algorithm to ensure that the harvester is always working on the oscillatorʼs high energy attractor.

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“…They showed that the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric harvester can be controlled by applying direct current (DC) to the electrostatic system. Neiss et al [17] investigated the influence of soft and hard piezoceramic materials on bandwidth and power output for a nonlinear energy harvesting device. They concluded soft ceramics have stronger piezoelectric coefficients but a lower mechanical quality compared to hard ceramics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model Validation of a Porous Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Using Vibration Test Data

et al. 2018

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In this paper, a finite element model is coupled to an homogenisation theory in order to predict the energy harvesting capabilities of a porous piezoelectric energy harvester. The harvester consists of a porous piezoelectric patch bonded to the root of a cantilever beam. The material properties of the porous piezoelectric material are estimated by the Mori–Tanaka homogenisation method, which is an analytical method that provides the material properties as a function of the porosity of the piezoelectric composite. These material properties are then used in a finite element model of the harvester that predicts the deformation and voltage output for a given base excitation of the cantilever beam, onto which the piezoelectric element is bonded. Experiments are performed to validate the numerical model, based on the fabrication and testing of several demonstrators composed of porous piezoelectric patches with different percentages of porosity bonded to an aluminium cantilever beam. The electrical load is simulated using a resistor and the voltage across the resistor is measured to estimate the energy generated. The beam is excited in a range of frequencies close to the first and second modes using base excitation. The effects of the porosity and the assumptions made for homogenisation are discussed.

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Piezoelectric Materials for Nonlinear Energy Harvesting Generators

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Technology: From Materials, Structures, to Applications

Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Technology: From Materials, Structures, to Applications

Analytical model for nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting devices

Model Validation of a Porous Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Using Vibration Test Data

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