Piezoelectric Effects in Collagen

Fukada, Eiichi; Yasuda, Iwao

doi:10.1143/jjap.3.502b

Cited by 42 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…The overall orientation of the collagen is therefore in the direction of the bone axis and results in piezoelectric properties and the development of charge in response to the application of a mechanical load. 16 Due to the symmetry of the collagen fibres only two piezoelectric constants, d 14 and d 25 (equal but opposite to d 14 ), represent the piezoelectric effect in bone. These piezoelectric constants are an indication of the charge generated per unit force relative to the polarization direction.…”

Section: Piezoelectricity In Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Active Bioceramics: A Review of Interfacial Responses

et al. 2010

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Electrical potentials in mechanically loaded bone have been implicated as signals in the bone remodeling cycle. Recently, interest has grown in exploiting this phenomenon to develop electrically active ceramics for implantation in hard tissue which may induce improved biological responses. Both polarized hydroxyapatite (HA), whose surface charge is not dependent on loading, and piezoelectric ceramics, which produce electrical potentials under stress, have been studied in order to determine the possible benefits of using electrically active bioceramics as implant materials. The polarization of HA has a positive influence on interfacial responses to the ceramic. In vivo studies of polarized HA have shown polarized samples to induce improvements in bone ingrowth. The majority of piezoelectric ceramics proposed for implant use contain barium titanate (BaTiO(3)). In vivo and in vitro investigations have indicated that such ceramics are biocompatible and, under appropriate mechanical loading, induce improved bone formation around implants. The mechanism by which electrical activity influences biological responses is yet to be clearly defined, but is likely to result from preferential adsorption of proteins and ions onto the polarized surface. Further investigation is warranted into the use of electrically active ceramics as the indications are that they have benefits over existing implant materials.

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Section: Piezoelectricity In Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Active Bioceramics: A Review of Interfacial Responses

et al. 2010

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“…There are conflicting views regarding the mechanism of action for generation of electrical potentials in hydrated collagen fibers. Dry collagen exhibits ''traditional'' piezoelectric effects, 13,15,16,24 however in hydrated collagen, movement of ionic fluids has been reported to play a significant role. 2,7,22 Though these experiments were assessing the response of hydrated collagen, it is worth noting that changes in potential across the longitudinal specimens were typically in the tens of millivolts range which correspond to previously reported piezoelectric generated potentials from dry collagen fibrils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since Fukada and Yasuda 14 discovered piezoelectric effects in bone researchers have studied the inherent electrical properties of many biological materials. 12,15,16,29 Due to their collagenous structure, tendons and ligaments are known to exhibit the piezoelectric effect which produces a voltage in response to an applied mechanical stress. 13,15,16,24,29 Several researchers have presented evidence indicating that the electrical response of hydrated collagen-based structures (e.g., bone, ligament, tendon) is dominated by strain-induced flow of ionized fluids (i.e., strain generated potential or streaming potential).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,15,16,29 Due to their collagenous structure, tendons and ligaments are known to exhibit the piezoelectric effect which produces a voltage in response to an applied mechanical stress. 13,15,16,24,29 Several researchers have presented evidence indicating that the electrical response of hydrated collagen-based structures (e.g., bone, ligament, tendon) is dominated by strain-induced flow of ionized fluids (i.e., strain generated potential or streaming potential). 2,7,22,29 The piezoelectric response in desiccated tissue has been shown to be produced by a more traditional solid-state crystalline piezoelectricity exhibited by the collagen fibrils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,7,22,29 The piezoelectric response in desiccated tissue has been shown to be produced by a more traditional solid-state crystalline piezoelectricity exhibited by the collagen fibrils. 14,15,23 The functional role of these effects in ligaments and tendons has not been clearly established. In bone, deformation-induced electrical potential has been linked to cellular signaling and bone remodeling, 1,16,29 and some researchers have suggested that they serve a similar purpose in ligaments and tendons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Using Tendon Inherent Electric Properties to Consistently Track Induced Mechanical Strain

West

Bowden

2012

Ann Biomed Eng

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The present work explores the possibility that the inherent electrical properties of a tendon might allow it to act as its own strain gauge. Tendon has been shown to exhibit piezoelectric effects as well as streaming potentials when subjected to a mechanical stress. To assess the feasibility of using these properties to repeatably measure in situ strain,bovine Achilles tendon test specimens were connected in series with a control resistor in a direct current circuit. Longitudinal(along the collagen fiber direction) and transverse test specimens were subjected to sinusoidal tension while electrical resistance data for the specimens was collected. Change in resistance per unit strain and gauge factors (GFs) revealed a repeatable and significantly different correlation between resistance and strain for the longitudinal and transverse specimens (p<0.001). Change in resistance per unit strain values for longitudinal and transverse specimens were 0.85 and 1.76 MX/e, respectively while corresponding GFs were 0.52 and 0.74, respectively. Others have reported piezoelectric mechanisms and streaming potential mechanisms in hydrated collagen, however the present work is unique in presenting an accurate and repeatable model of anisotropic tendon behavior that could be used to develop an in situ strain sensor.

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Flexoelectricity in Bones

et al. 2018

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Bones generate electricity under pressure, and this electromechanical behavior is thought to be essential for bone's self-repair and remodeling properties. The origin of this response is attributed to the piezoelectricity of collagen, which is the main structural protein of bones. In theory, however, any material can also generate voltages in response to strain gradients, thanks to the property known as flexoelectricity. In this work, the flexoelectricity of bone and pure bone mineral (hydroxyapatite) are measured and found to be of the same order of magnitude; the quantitative similarity suggests that hydroxyapatite flexoelectricity is the main source of bending-induced polarization in cortical bone. In addition, the measured flexoelectric coefficients are used to calculate the (flexo)electric fields generated by cracks in bone mineral. The results indicate that crack-generated flexoelectricity is theoretically large enough to induce osteocyte apoptosis and thus initiate the crack-healing process, suggesting a central role of flexoelectricity in bone repair and remodeling.

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Piezoelectric Effects in Collagen

Cited by 42 publications

References 1 publication

Electrically Active Bioceramics: A Review of Interfacial Responses

Electrically Active Bioceramics: A Review of Interfacial Responses

Using Tendon Inherent Electric Properties to Consistently Track Induced Mechanical Strain

Flexoelectricity in Bones

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