Piezoelectric Constants of Alpha- and Beta-Quartz at Various Temperatures

Abstract

The adiabatic piezoelectric constants du and d u of alpha-quartz have been measured between room temperature and 571.5°C. At the latter temperature, dn is about one-half of its room temperature value, whereas du has increased by a factor of almost three. At 573°C (the inversion temperature) the crystal structure changes to that of beta-quartz, and dn vanishes. The constant d u for beta-quartz has been measured between 584°C and 626°C. d u appears to be substantially constant over this short range of temperature, and differs from du for alpha-quartz at about 570°C by only a few percent. The piezoelectric constants were deduced from measurements (with a Q-meter technique) of the equivalent circuits of long thin bars driven electrically at frequencies near resonance.

A database to enable discovery and design of piezoelectric materials

“…As an example, α -quartz (SiO 2 ) is the second most abundant mineral and a commonly employed material in piezoelectric devices. However, its reported piezoelectric constants differ by up to a factor of 3 in magnitude, presumably depending on the experimental conditions 5 and temperature 14 , 33 . The same is true for the common mineral AlPO 4 and elemental Te 5 .…”

Elastic, anelastic, and piezoelectric coefficients of α-quartz determined by resonance ultrasound spectroscopy

“…1 Besides, six internal frictions Q ij −1 accompany the elastic constants. 2,3 These material constants are essential for designing acoustic devices and have been reported by several researchers: Bechmann, 4 Bechmann et al, 5 and Koga et al 6 used the plate-thickness resonance method; James 7 determined the elastic constants by the pulse-echo method assuming the piezoelectric constants given by Cook and Weissler; 8 and Kushibiki et al 9 determined all the material constants except for internal friction by the pulse-echo method. These previous studies, however, required many independent measurements on many crystals in many orientations to determine a complete set of coefficients through solving labyrinthine simultaneous equations.…”

Complete set of elastic and piezoelectric coefficients of α-quartz at low temperatures

“…Up to now, intensive measurements on elastic constants C ij and piezoelectric coefficients e ij of ␣-quartz are carried out. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] On the other hand, ␣-quartz undergoes a ␣-␤ structural phase transition at high temperature [12][13][14] and solid-state amorphization under high pressure. 2,[15][16][17] Being related to these phase stability of ␣-quartz, evaluations of higher-order elasticity, 18 negative Poisson's ratio, 19 lattice vibrations, 20,21 and internal frictions 11 are also interesting issues.…”