Piezoelectric characterization of a single zinc oxide nanowire using a nanoelectromechanical oscillator

Zhu, Rong; Wang, Dingqu; Xiang, Shaoqing; Zhou, Zhaoying; Ye, Xiongying

doi:10.1088/0957-4484/19/28/285712

Cited by 55 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Among the plethora of nanomaterials, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures (e.g., nanowires, nanosprings, and nanoparticles, among others) can be readily synthesized and exhibit inherent piezoelectricity [17,18]. For example, Wang and Song [17] has synthesized aligned ZnO nanowire arrays and has characterized their electrical energy generation via deformation induced by an atomic force microscope tip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc oxide nanoparticle-polymeric thin films for dynamic strain sensing

Loh

Chang

2010

J Mater Sci

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Piezoelectric transducers are becoming increasingly popular for dynamic strain monitoring due to their small form factors and their ability to generate an electrical voltage drop in response to strain. Although numerous types of piezoelectric thin films have been adopted for strain sensing, it has been shown that piezo-ceramics are expensive, brittle, and can fail during operation, while piezo-polymers possess lower piezoelectricity and mechanical stiffness. Thus, the objective of this study is to develop a piezoelectric thin film characterized by high piezoelectricity (i.e., high dynamic strain sensitivities) and favorable mechanical properties (i.e., being conformable to structural surfaces yet stiff). First, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are dispersed in polyelectrolyte solutions, and the excess solvent is evaporated for thin film fabrication. The amount of ZnO nanoparticles embedded within the films is varied to yield seven unique sample sets with ZnO weight fractions ranging from 0 to 60%. Upon film fabrication, specimens are mounted in a load frame for monotonic uniaxial testing to explore the films' stressstrain performance and to subsequently determine their mechanical properties (namely, modulus of elasticity, ultimate strength, and ultimate failure strain). Finally, film specimens are also mounted onto cantilevered beams undergoing free vibration due to an applied initial displacement. The generated voltages in response to induced strains in the beams are recorded, and the piezoelectric performance and dynamic strain sensitivities for the different weight fraction films are calculated and compared. Commercial PVDF thin films are also employed in this study for performance comparison.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc oxide nanoparticle-polymeric thin films for dynamic strain sensing

Loh

Chang

2010

J Mater Sci

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“…26 Among these nanostructures, nanowires exhibit remarkably enhanced piezoelectric responses. According to previous experimental results, 27 the piezoelectric coefficient of the ZnO nanowire with a diameter of 230 nm is as high as 1200 pm V À1 which is two orders of magnitude larger than that of the bulk ZnO (9.93 pm V À1 ). Because of this, ZnO nanowires are considered to be the most promising candidate of nanogenerators in the field of energy harvesting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…On the basis of first-principles calculations, Agrawal et al 28 recently showed that the observed giant piezoelectric responses of ZnO nanowires mainly stem from the size effects. In spite of extensive experimental [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] and theoretical 16,17,20,[30][31][32][33] studies on its piezoelectric properties and technological applications, however, little progress has been made in our fundamental understanding of the microscopic origin of piezoelectricity in the wurtzite ZnO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic-scale origin of piezoelectricity in wurtzite ZnO

Lee

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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ZnO has been extensively studied by virtue of its remarkably high piezoelectric responses, especially in nanowire forms. Currently, the high piezoelectricity of wurtzite ZnO is understood in terms of the covalent-bonding interaction between Zn 3d and O 2p orbitals. However, the Zn 3d orbitals are not capable of forming hybridized orbitals with the O 2p z orbitals since the Zn ion is characterized by fully filled non-interacting 3d orbitals. To resolve this puzzling problem, we have investigated the atomicscale origin of piezoelectricity by exploiting density-functional theory calculations. On the basis of the computed orbital-resolved density of states and the band structure over the G-M first Brillouin zone, we propose an intriguing bonding mechanism that accounts for the observed high piezoelectricityintra-atomic 3d z 2-4p z orbital self-mixing of Zn, followed by asymmetric hybridization between the Zn 3d z 2-4p z self-mixed orbital and the O 2p z orbital along the polar c-axis of the wurtzite ZnO.

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“…Polymer/ZnO films Apart from PZT nanoparticles, ZnO particles also exhibit inherent piezoelectricity (Wang and Song 2006;Zhu et al 2008). (Loh and Chang 2011) developed ZnO-embedded piezopolymer thin films for dynamic strain sensing.…”

Section: Piezoelectric Polymer Matrix Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer and ceramic nanocomposites for aerospace applications

2017

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This paper reviews the potential of polymer and ceramic matrix composites for aerospace/space vehicle applications. Special, unique and multifunctional properties arising due to the dispersion of nanoparticles in ceramic and metal matrix are briefly discussed followed by a classification of resulting aerospace applications. The paper presents polymer matrix composites comprising majority of aerospace applications in structures, coating, tribology, structural health monitoring, electromagnetic shielding and shape memory applications. The capabilities of the ceramic matrix nanocomposites to providing the electromagnetic shielding for aircrafts and better tribological properties to suit space environments are discussed. Structural health monitoring capability of ceramic matrix nanocomposite is also discussed. The properties of resulting nanocomposite material with its disadvantages like cost and processing difficulties are discussed. The paper concludes after the discussion of the possible future perspectives and challenges in implementation and further development of polymer and ceramic nanocomposite materials.

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Piezoelectric characterization of a single zinc oxide nanowire using a nanoelectromechanical oscillator

Cited by 55 publications

References 19 publications

Zinc oxide nanoparticle-polymeric thin films for dynamic strain sensing

Zinc oxide nanoparticle-polymeric thin films for dynamic strain sensing

Atomic-scale origin of piezoelectricity in wurtzite ZnO

Polymer and ceramic nanocomposites for aerospace applications

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