Piezoelectric ceramic actuators: A review of machinery applications

Design, operation, and motion characteristics of a precise piezoelectric linear motor

“…5 were computed with Eqs. (1) and (4). The resolution in the adjustability of the preload force is about 1 N, assuming that the 2-56 screw can be turned with an increment of 5 • .…”

“…The piezoelectric effect is employed in actuators that produce small displacements with extremely fine resolution (sub-nanometer) over small travel ranges (several micrometers) [2]; the travel range is limited by the dielectric strength and the thickness of the piezoelectric material. Many applications of piezoelectric actuators in precision instruments and machines have been reported [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Piezoelectric motors [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] provide longer travel ranges (millimeters or more) via the repetition of many small steps (several nanometers to micrometers in size) that are generated by piezoelectric actuators.…”

Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD): Fundamentals and Applications from Nano- to Micro-Scale Structures

“…A good PA provides high forces at low voltages. In addition, low sintering temperature and high Curie temperature and high piezoelectric constant are very importatnt [119,120]. PAs are utilized in a wide range of applications, from optical to aerospace industries [121][122][123].…”

Simple new ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator for precision linear positioning

“…Currently, linear actuators are an excellent solution for precise positioning applications that require rapid response and high positioning accuracy because of their feature of direct driving. Nowadays, many types of linear precision actuators, such as magnetic linear actuators [1][2][3] and piezoelectric actuators [4][5][6], have been developed. Compared with magnetic linear actuators, piezoelectric actuators have many attractive advantages such as mechanical simplicity, quick response, and electromagnetic immunity.…”